{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T16:54:49Z","timestamp":1791996889692,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7-8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,4]],"date-time":"2025-12-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1764806400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004608","name":"Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. BK20221557"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. BK20221557"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004608","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["No. 81771292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["No. 81771292"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Neurotrauma"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a neurological disease that seriously endangers human life and has a poor prognosis. In particular, neuroinflammation during secondary injury after TBI affects the course of TBI, and interleukin-33 (IL-33) plays an important regulatory role in neuroinflammation after TBI. Meanwhile, the Yes-associated protein (YAP) can influence the prognosis after TBI. In this study, we explored whether the upregulation of YAP in astrocytes can enhance the protective effect of IL-33 against neuroinflammation after TBI. In the current study, the markers of microglial proinflammatory\/anti-inflammatory responses both\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    were assessed after the administration of exogenous IL-33. Adeno-associated virus targeting astrocytes\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and lentivirus transfecting astrocytes\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    were used to overexpress YAP, and the expression and localization of proteins were evaluated by Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. Chromatin immunoprecipitation-quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (qPCR) assays were performed to confirm that YAP transcriptionally regulates the\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">IL33<\/jats:italic>\n                    gene by binding directly to its promoter region. Astegolimab was administered to block Growth Stimulation Express Gene 2 Protein (ST2) receptors\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in\u00a0vivo<\/jats:italic>\n                    and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">in vitro<\/jats:italic>\n                    . Morris water maze and Y-maze tests were employed to assess cognitive function after TBI. The results demonstrated that the expression levels of both YAP and IL-33 were significantly decreased during the early phase of TBI. Concurrently, the anti-inflammatory marker CD206 in microglia was also markedly reduced in the acute stage post-TBI. Importantly, YAP was found to enhance IL-33 secretion by binding to its gene promoter, thereby activating the IL-33\/ST2 signaling pathway. This activation promoted anti-inflammatory responses in microglia, which were mediated through the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway, and ultimately led to improved cognitive function. These beneficial effects were effectively reversed by the administration of astegolimab, confirming the specificity of the YAP\/IL-33\/ST2 mechanism. Above all, we found that YAP produced by astrocytes regulates microglial anti-inflammatory responses through the IL-33\/ST2 pathway, thereby improving cognitive function after TBI.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08977151251401226","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,11]],"date-time":"2025-12-11T01:40:41Z","timestamp":1765417241000},"page":"641-659","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["YAP Regulates Microglial Anti-Inflammatory Responses and Alleviates Cognitive Impairment Through the IL-33\/ST2 Pathway after Traumatic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"given":"Ran","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sheng-Qing","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xue","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tao","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chao-Chao","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan-Ling","family":"Han","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia-Yin","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Nanjing Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China."}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shu-Hao","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery, Jinling Hospital, Jinling School of Clinical Medicine, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 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