{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T23:21:56Z","timestamp":1784676116768,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732492800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Holist Nurs"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Purpose: The purpose of this descriptive study was to examine holistic spiritual self-care practices, diabetes knowledge, and its association with self-care practices among African Americans diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. The objective was to determine if spiritual self-care practices correlated with diabetes self-care practices among African Americans. Design: A descriptive research design was used for African Americans living in a Midwestern urban area. Participants were at least 18 years of age and diagnosed with type 2 diabetes. Participants were excluded if they had a diagnosis of type 1 or gestational diabetes, and\/or a history of dementia or psychiatric illness. Method: Ninety African American participants between 28 and 88 years of age completed four instruments to measure diabetes knowledge, diabetes self-care practices, and spiritual self-care practices. Findings: Statistically significant correlations were found between general diet and diabetic self-care practices, spiritual self-care practices, physical spiritual self-care practices, and interpersonal spiritual self-care practices. Conclusion: This research project provided evidence that nursing staff caring for African Americans diagnosed with type 2 DM may consider incorporating spiritual self-care practices with other holistic self-care practices when helping African Americans manage their DM. This study found that spiritual self-care practices were important for African Americans who participated with this study.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08980101241296402","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]],"date-time":"2024-11-25T08:56:37Z","timestamp":1732524997000},"page":"38-48","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Spiritual Self-Care Practices, Diabetes Knowledge, and Diabetes Self-Care Practices for African Americans"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"43","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4943-1496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacqueline G.","family":"Moody","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Lawrence Technological University, Southfield, MI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08980101241296402","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association. (2022). Better outcomes for life: 2021 Research report. https:\/\/diabetes.org\/sites\/default\/files\/2022-02\/2021-ADA-Research-Report-2-3-22.pdf"},{"key":"bibr2-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2020\/8016542"},{"key":"bibr3-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01612840490249028-22"},{"key":"bibr4-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/ATVBAHA.120.314595"},{"key":"bibr5-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/HNP.0b013e3181e903c6"},{"key":"bibr6-08980101241296402","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023). National Diabetes Statistics Report. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/diabetes\/data\/statistics-report\/index.html"},{"key":"bibr7-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15426432.2018.1524735"},{"key":"bibr8-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2648.2004.03053.x"},{"key":"bibr9-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/urbansci2020046"},{"key":"bibr10-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-018-3186-7"},{"key":"bibr11-08980101241296402","first-page":"728","volume":"9","author":"Darvyri P.","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychology (Savannah, Ga)"},{"key":"bibr12-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/26350106211072203"},{"key":"bibr13-08980101241296402","first-page":"189","volume":"14","author":"Dessio W. W.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Ethnicity and Disease"},{"key":"bibr14-08980101241296402","volume-title":"Diabetes knowledge test","author":"Diabetes Research and Training Center.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr15-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721715624968"},{"key":"bibr16-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.21.5.706"},{"key":"bibr17-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-019-00809-7"},{"key":"bibr18-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jalm\/jfaa202"},{"key":"bibr19-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1300\/J074v18n03_06"},{"key":"bibr20-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10865-017-9877-4"},{"key":"bibr21-08980101241296402","volume":"12","author":"Juanamasta I. G.","year":"2021","journal-title":"International Journal of Preventive Medicine"},{"key":"bibr22-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/NHH.0000000000000721"},{"key":"bibr23-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/9780826144348"},{"issue":"2","key":"bibr24-08980101241296402","first-page":"25","volume":"22","author":"McCleary-Jones V.","year":"2011","journal-title":"Association of Black Nursing Faculty (ABNF) Journal"},{"key":"bibr25-08980101241296402","unstructured":"Mohamed B., Cox K., Diamant J., Gecewicz C. (2021).\n                      Faith among Black Americans\n                      . Pew Research Center. United States of America. https:\/\/policycommons.net\/artifacts\/1426078\/faith-among-black-americans\/20404533. CID: 20.500.12592\/g7rx5t"},{"key":"bibr26-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10943-013-9812-0"},{"key":"bibr27-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00012272-200212000-00005"},{"key":"bibr28-08980101241296402","volume-title":"Nursing concepts of practice","author":"Orem D.","year":"2001","edition":"6"},{"key":"bibr29-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1049732306297750"},{"key":"bibr30-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/nu11030519"},{"key":"bibr32-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/2333393614565183"},{"key":"bibr33-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.23.7.943"},{"key":"bibr34-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.ajkd.2019.06.006"},{"key":"bibr35-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0145721713475843"},{"issue":"1","key":"bibr36-08980101241296402","first-page":"23","volume":"20","author":"White M.","year":"2012","journal-title":"Self-Care, Dependent-Care & Nursing"},{"key":"bibr37-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894318410389059"},{"key":"bibr38-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1891\/1061-3749.21.3.450"},{"key":"bibr39-08980101241296402","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/ds17-0036"},{"key":"bibr40-08980101241296402","unstructured":"Yu C. H. (2010). Reliability of self-report data. https:\/\/www.creative-wisdom.com\/teaching\/480\/Reliability%20of%20self-report%20data.pdf"}],"container-title":["Journal of Holistic Nursing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08980101241296402","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08980101241296402","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08980101241296402","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T22:35:50Z","timestamp":1777502150000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08980101241296402"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]},"references-count":39,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08980101241296402"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08980101241296402","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-0101","1552-5724"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-0101","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-5724","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,25]]}}}