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This article explores the application of Peplau's Theory of Interpersonal Relations (PTIR) as a foundation for holistic communication in PAT, particularly in hospice and palliative care. We examine how PTIR's core concepts (person, health, environment, and nursing) along with its articulation of therapeutic roles, phases of the nurse\u2013patient relationship, and the concept of anxiety as a signal of unmet needs, can be integrated into PAT's preparation, dosing, and integration phases. Drawing on a fictional case study involving a patient with advanced cancer, we illustrate how nurses can use PTIR to support emotional processing, foster insight, and promote personal growth during psilocybin-assisted therapy. By aligning Peplau's theory with the emerging field of PAT, this article highlights nursing's vital contribution to the development of safe, ethical, and compassionate psychedelic care practices. The integration of PTIR into PAT provides a valuable model for holistic nursing, offering structured yet flexible guidance for therapeutic communication with patients facing the complex emotional, spiritual, and existential dimensions of life-limiting illness.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08980101251374371","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]],"date-time":"2025-09-03T14:11:54Z","timestamp":1756908714000},"page":"390-401","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Integrating Holistic Communication into Psychedelic-Assisted Therapies in Hospice and Palliative Care: An Approach Based on Peplau's Theory"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"44","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9793-7905","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana Cl\u00e1udia","family":"Mesquita Garcia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Studies in Palliative Care, Nursing School, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9110-1653","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Felipe","family":"Teixeira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"State University of Bahia (UNEB)"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9931-1938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucas Oliveira","family":"Maia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Interdisciplinary Center for Studies in Palliative Care, Nursing School, Federal University of Alfenas, Alfenas, Brazil"},{"name":"Interdisciplinary Cooperation for Ayahuasca Research and Outreach (ICARO), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil"},{"name":"Brain Institute, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0269881119897615"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_3_3_1","first-page":"121","article-title":"The knowledge about communication strategies when taking care of the emotional dimension in palliative care","volume":"21","author":"Ara\u00fajo M. 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