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Method: We conducted a post hoc analysis of the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER) trial. Our sample included 4,428 participants with at least two repeated HDL-c measures between Months 3 and 24 postbaseline and with cognitive assessments at Month 30. HDL-c variability was defined as the intraindividual standard deviation over each person\u2019s repeated measurements. Results: Higher HDL-c variability was associated with worse performance on the Letter-Digit Coding Test (\u03b2 [95% confidence interval] [CI] = \u22124.39 [\u22127.36, \u22121.43], p = .004), immediate recall on the 15-Picture Learning Test (\u03b2 [95% CI] = \u22120.98 [\u22121.86, \u22120.11], p = .027), and delayed recall on the 15-Picture Learning Test (\u03b2 [95% CI] = \u22121.90 [\u22123.14, \u22120.67], p = .002). The associations did not vary by treatment group. Discussion: Our findings suggest that variability in HDL-c may be associated with poor cognitive function among older adults.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264320916959","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,27]],"date-time":"2020-05-27T03:40:16Z","timestamp":1590550816000},"page":"1267-1274","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Association of High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol With Cognitive Function: Findings From the PROspective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2812-0103","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leslie","family":"Grasset","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Bordeaux, Inserm, Bordeaux Population Health Research Center, Team VINTAGE, Bordeaux, France"},{"name":"CIC1401-EC, F-33000, Inserm, Bordeaux, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roelof A. J.","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle R.","family":"Caunca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tali","family":"Elfassy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, FL"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle C.","family":"Odden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Research and Policy, Stanford University, Stanford, CA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeroen","family":"van der Grond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mark A.","family":"van Buchem","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"David J.","family":"Stott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naveed","family":"Sattar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"British Heart Foundation, Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stella","family":"Trompet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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