{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,7]],"date-time":"2026-09-07T13:32:29Z","timestamp":1788787949632,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4-5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1641168000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Aging Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: This study examines educational differences in living alone and in self-rated health trends among middle-aged and older adults. Methods: We used logistic regression to analyze data from the 1972\u20132018 National Health Interview Survey ( n = 795,239 aged 40\u201364; n = 357,974 aged 65\u201384). Results: Between 1972\u20131974 and 2015\u20132018, living alone became more prevalent, particularly among men and at lower levels of education. Self-rated health trends varied by living arrangement and education. We found self-rated health declines among middle-aged adults having no college degree and living alone, but trends in self-rated health were mostly stable or even improved among middle-aged adults living with others. Among older adults, self-rated health improved over time, but for the least-educated older Americans living alone, the probability of reporting fair or poor health increased between 1972\u20131974 and 2015\u20132018. Discussion: The findings suggest growing disparities by social class, in living arrangements and in self-rated health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643211052718","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]],"date-time":"2022-01-03T07:44:54Z","timestamp":1641195894000},"page":"626-639","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Educational Differences in Self-Rated Health Trends Among Middle-Aged and Older Adults Living Alone, 1972\u20132018"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6540-5848","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther O.","family":"Lamidi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of Colorado Colorado Springs, Colorado Springs, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Older people are more likely to live alone in the US than elsewhere in the world","author":"Ausubel J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr2-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/rest.90.2.300"},{"key":"bibr3-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geronb\/gbs089"},{"issue":"6","key":"bibr4-08982643211052718","first-page":"1032","volume":"73","author":"Brown S. L.","year":"2018","journal-title":"The Journals of Gerontology: Series B"},{"key":"bibr5-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igx015"},{"key":"bibr6-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1518393112"},{"key":"bibr7-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1353\/eca.2017.0005"},{"key":"bibr8-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Labor\u2019s love lost: The rise and fall of the working-class family in America","author":"Cherlin A. J.","year":"2014"},{"key":"bibr9-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S1368980020002475"},{"key":"bibr10-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0003-066X.59.8.676"},{"key":"bibr11-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Aging in place: A state survey of livability policies and practices","author":"Farber N.","year":"2011"},{"key":"bibr12-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464810364985"},{"key":"bibr13-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25035\/ncfmr\/fp-19-15"},{"key":"bibr14-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaging.2007.03.002"},{"key":"bibr15-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464814530805"},{"key":"bibr16-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464819835113"},{"key":"bibr17-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Preferences for long-term care arrangements among rural and urban older adults","author":"Henning-Smith C.","year":"2021"},{"key":"bibr18-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnx019"},{"key":"bibr19-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Supporting the health and wellbeing of middle-aged adults living alone in rural counties","author":"Henning-Smith C.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr20-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1745691614568352"},{"key":"bibr21-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3090242"},{"key":"bibr22-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2009.05.013"},{"key":"bibr23-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/651167"},{"key":"bibr24-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Going solo: The extraordinary rise and surprising appeal of living alone","author":"Klinenberg E.","year":"2013"},{"key":"bibr25-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2016.303166"},{"key":"bibr26-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ssmph.2020.100616"},{"key":"bibr27-08982643211052718","author":"Lamidi E. O.","year":"2020","journal-title":"Research on Aging"},{"key":"bibr28-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40615-021-01066-9"},{"key":"bibr29-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13524-019-00765-7"},{"key":"bibr30-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264305276300"},{"key":"bibr31-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.09.021"},{"key":"bibr32-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.socscimed.2008.10.013"},{"key":"bibr33-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00219-2"},{"key":"bibr34-08982643211052718","unstructured":"Lynn A. B., Drew J. A. R., King M. L., Williams K. C. W. (2019). IPUMS Health Surveys: National Health Interview Survey. Version 6.4. IPUMS. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.18128\/D070.V6.4"},{"key":"bibr35-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jomf.12090"},{"key":"bibr36-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2006.15.20"},{"key":"bibr37-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-08308-7_1","volume-title":"Diverging destinies: Families in an era of increasing inequality","author":"McLanahan S.","year":"2015"},{"key":"bibr70-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/153.2.123"},{"key":"bibr38-08982643211052718","volume-title":"The number of people living alone in their 80s and 90s is set to soar. Housing Perspectives","author":"Molinsky J.","year":"2020"},{"key":"bibr39-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.2013.301261"},{"key":"bibr40-08982643211052718","volume-title":"As US marriage rate hovers at 50%, education gap in marital status widens","author":"Parker K.","year":"2017"},{"key":"bibr41-08982643211052718","volume-title":"Median age at first marriage, 2019","author":"Payne K. K.","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr42-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1081602X.2019.1696217"},{"key":"bibr43-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4054\/DemRes.2020.42.12"},{"key":"bibr44-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0898264320930452"},{"key":"bibr45-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jomf.12612"},{"key":"bibr46-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/03071022.2017.1256093"},{"key":"bibr47-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24095\/hpcdp.40.1.03"},{"key":"bibr48-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1219686110"},{"key":"bibr49-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/353202"},{"key":"bibr50-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0363199011416760"},{"key":"bibr51-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2136848"},{"key":"bibr52-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0733464816655439"},{"key":"bibr53-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.25035\/ncfmr\/fp-17-18"},{"key":"bibr54-08982643211052718","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027516680854"}],"container-title":["Journal of Aging and Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08982643211052718","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/08982643211052718","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/08982643211052718","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T19:37:13Z","timestamp":1777491433000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/08982643211052718"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4-5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/08982643211052718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/08982643211052718","relation":{},"ISSN":["0898-2643","1552-6887"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0898-2643","type":"print"},{"value":"1552-6887","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,3]]}}}