{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,29]],"date-time":"2026-10-29T17:11:01Z","timestamp":1793293861618,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687132800000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000049","name":"National Institute on Aging","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["R01AG057800"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG057800"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000049","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2P01HD031921"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2P01HD031921"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000071","name":"National Institute of Child Health and Human Development","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["T32HD007168"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32HD007168"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000071","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"University Cancer Research Funds"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Aging Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Objectives: Cognitive aging is a lifelong process with implications for Alzheimer\u2019s disease and dementia. This study aims to fill major gaps in research on the natural history of and social disparities in aging-related cognitive decline over the life span. Methods: We conducted integrative data analysis of four large U.S. population-based longitudinal studies of individuals aged 12 to 105 followed over two decades and modeled age trajectories of cognitive function in multiple domains. Results: We found evidence for the onset of cognitive decline in the 4\n                    <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                    decade of life, varying gender differences with age, and persistent disadvantage among non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanics, and those without college education. We further found improvement in cognitive function across 20\n                    <jats:sup>th<\/jats:sup>\n                    century birth cohorts but widening social inequalities in more recent cohorts. Discussion: These findings advance an understanding of early life origins of dementia risk and invite future research on strategies for promoting cognitive health for all Americans.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643231184593","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,19]],"date-time":"2023-06-19T11:16:48Z","timestamp":1687173408000},"page":"230-245","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":53,"title":["An Early and Unequal Decline: Life Course Trajectories of Cognitive Aging in the United States"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7132-1843","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang C.","family":"Yang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, 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Population Center, University of North Carolina-Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"},{"name":"Social, Genetic, & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology, and Neuroscience, King\u2019s College, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison E.","family":"Aiello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5463-2212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel W.","family":"Belsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathleen Mullan","family":"Harris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carolina Population Center, University of North 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