{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,3]],"date-time":"2026-05-03T04:47:48Z","timestamp":1777783668562,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762387200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Aging Health"],"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study investigates whether early-life and mid-life social relationships with family and friends shape the heterogeneity of later-life cognitive trajectories and whether household registration status moderates the associations.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study uses data from 2011\u20132018\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study<\/jats:italic>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">N<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 12,564). Cognitive function is assessed with a Chinese version of\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Telephone Interview for Cognition Status<\/jats:italic>\n                      . Childhood social relationships are assessed with relationship quality with mother and father, whether respondent had a good friend, and had group of friends spending time with. Adulthood social relationships are assessed with weekly contact with children and social interactions with friends. Group-based trajectory modeling and multinomial logistic regression models are employed.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      The study identifies four distinct cognitive trajectories. Results indicate respondents who had a better relationship with their mothers, who often had a group of friends during childhood, and who had social interactions with friends during adulthood are associated with more favorable cognitive trajectories. No moderation effects for\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Hukou<\/jats:italic>\n                      status were found.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The findings underscore the enduring impacts of early-life social relationships and the impacts of adult social relationships in shaping later-life cognitive trajectory outcomes. Intervention programs aimed at establishing supportive social relationships may help slow later-life cognitive decline.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/08982643251397199","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,7]],"date-time":"2025-11-07T00:18:37Z","timestamp":1762474717000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Childhood and Adulthood Social Relationships and Trajectories of Cognitive Function Among Older Chinese Adults"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7513-1054","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Changmin","family":"Peng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Burr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan E.","family":"Mutchler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Massachusetts Boston"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Deborah","family":"Carr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Boston University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geroni\/igz005"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1542\/peds.2009-1100D"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/geront\/gnaa055"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4457.2010.00333.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0164027511409442"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-0-12-417235-7.00009-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000512597"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2786971"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph15020231"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.glohj.2020.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12889-024-20756-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hu S. Ge J. Fang M. Yang J. (2024). Role of intergenerational connections in cognitive aging: Evidence from a Chinese longitudinal study. 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