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Gross anatomical dissection was performed in 2 cadaveric dogs to validate the ultrasonographic features of the TMJ. Radiography provided visualization of bony structures of the TMJ, but images were superimposed on surrounding structures. Computed tomography produced excellent and in-detail bony anatomy. Ultrasonography demonstrated superior soft tissue resolution, and visibility of the intra-articular soft structures of the TMJ and its neighboring soft tissues, such as the masseter muscle, parotid gland, and articular capsule. Gross anatomical dissection validated the ultrasound findings. This study concluded that ultrasonography is a practical, noninvasive diagnostic tool for the assessment of normal TMJ in dogs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/08987564261441486","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:35:17Z","timestamp":1776263717000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Anatomical Evaluation of the Temporomandibular Joint in Dogs Using Ultrasonography, Radiography and Computed Tomography"],"prefix":"10.1177","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5193-9232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eslam","family":"Hendy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagazig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Gomaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagazig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimaa A.","family":"Ezzeldein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagazig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mustafa","family":"Abd El Raouf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagazig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed E.","family":"Behery","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Zagazig University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","volume-title":"Miller and Evans\u2019 Anatomy of the Dog-E-book","author":"Hermanson JW","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hermanson JW, De Lahunta A. 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