{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T19:55:37Z","timestamp":1777924537936,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762300800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Technology and Health Care"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,3]]},"abstract":"\n Background<\/jats:title>\n The prevalence of dementia is increasing among the aging global population. Innovative exercise interventions, such as virtual reality-based walking-in-place exercise (VR-WIPE) and seated cycling, are emerging for this population.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Objective<\/jats:title>\n This study aimed to evaluate and compare the effects of these two exercise methods on physical function.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Methods<\/jats:title>\n The study included 20 adult women (mean age: 78.9\u2009\u00b1\u20094.61 years) diagnosed with dementia and registered at a daycare center. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two groups according to intervention: experimental (n\u2009=\u200910); or control (n\u2009=\u200910). The experimental group received VR-WIPE, whereas the control group performed seated cycling. The primary outcome was the 5xSTS test, assessing functional mobility. Secondary outcomes included grip strength and lower limb strength.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Grip strength increased significantly only in the seated cycling group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05), with a small effect size (Cohen's d\u2009=\u20090.23). Both the cycling and VR-WIPE groups showed significant improvement in 5xSTS and lower limb strength (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05). Between-group comparisons revealed that the seated cycling group demonstrated significantly greater improvements in hip flexion and knee extension strength (Cohen's d\u2009=\u20091.36, 1.09, respectively), while ankle plantar flexion strength was significantly higher in the VR-WIPE group (\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05, Cohen's d\u2009=\u20091.66).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n Both seated cycling and VR-WIPE effectively improved lower limb strength and 5xSTS performance in older adult women with dementia. Seated cycling yielded greater improvements in hip and knee strength, whereas VR-WIPE was more effective in enhancing ankle plantar flexion strength.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09287329251392398","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T15:56:24Z","timestamp":1762358184000},"page":"136-144","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Effects of virtual reality walking-in-place exercise and seated cycling on grip strength, lower limb strength, and five times sit-to-stand test in elderly individuals with dementia: A parallel randomized controlled trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"given":"SunWook","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kangwon National University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2487-5122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seong-Gil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Korea National University of Transportation"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2014.10.018"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"117","article-title":"The effect of quality of life and environmental factors (WHOQOL-BREF, MQE, and HACE) on independent living and cut-off value analysis in the Korean elderly: community and nursing home in the city","volume":"15","author":"Nam SM","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nam SM, Kim SG. 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