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However, various factors affect the coupling condition between the actuator and the RWM, resulting in coupling leakage. In this study, a coupling impedance model of the human ear and the actuator was used to investigate the effect of inefficient coupling during reverse stimulation. First, the three-port circuit network model of the actuator was coupled with the acoustic impedance model of human ear reverse sound transmission. Meanwhile, the inefficient coupling impedance was estimated. Then, the effect of the actuator\u2019s coupling on reverse stimulation was studied by comparing the reverse pressure transfer function. Furthermore, the inefficient coupling\u2019s influence in the ear with middle-ear disorder was also investigated by simulating two typical forms of middle-ear disorder: otosclerosis and ossicular chain disarticulation. The results show that the change of the inefficient coupling impedance plays a significant role during reverse stimulation. Inefficient coupling of the actuator and the RWM deteriorates the cochlear response of reverse stimulation over the entire frequency range. Additionally, the coupling effect of the actuator does not change the influence tendency of middle-ear disorder on reverse stimulation\u2019s performance, but changes the response amplitude of the reverse stimulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0954411920987960","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,13]],"date-time":"2021-01-13T20:01:50Z","timestamp":1610568110000},"page":"447-458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Research on coupling effects of actuator and round window membrane on reverse stimulation of human cochlea"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"235","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5247-3120","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lin","family":"Xue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechatronic Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu Province, 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