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However, the biomechanical mechanisms of whole-body vibration that caused pain and injury were not clear. In this study, a validated whole human body finite element model was used, and vibration loads at frequencies of 3, 5, 7 and 9\u2009Hz were loaded to evaluate the frequency effects on the spine. The results showed that the responses of the spine were strong at the 5\u2009Hz vibration load. Vibration loads would produce alternating stresses and bulges in the annulus fibrosus and change the direction of the pressure in the nucleus pulposus. The posterior region of the intervertebral disc showed greater stress fluctuations than the anterior region. The Risk Factors showed that long-term exposure to whole-body vibrations at 5 and 7\u2009Hz might have greater adverse effects on the spine. The findings of this study confirmed that vibrations near the resonance frequency of the human body would cause more injuries to the spine than other frequencies. Alternating stress and bulge might cause fatigue and the degeneration of the intervertebral disc, which might be the mechanisms of spinal injury caused by whole-body vibration, and the posterior regions of the intervertebral disc were more susceptible to degeneration. Some appropriate measures should be taken to reduce the adverse effects of whole-body vibration on spinal health.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09544119221135688","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]],"date-time":"2022-11-15T08:47:20Z","timestamp":1668502040000},"page":"1752-1761","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Effect of whole-body vibration at different frequencies on the lumbar spine: A finite element study based on a whole human body model"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"236","author":[{"given":"Chi","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8964-3827","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li-Xin","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,11,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09544119221135688","first-page":"274","volume":"12","author":"Weston E","year":"2016","journal-title":"J Saf Health Environ Res"},{"key":"bibr2-09544119221135688","unstructured":"Landen DD, Fotta B, Wang RC, et al. 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