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However, specific challenges include less accuracy, increased computational complexity and a limited number of anatomical key points. This study aims to develop a novel algorithm using the MediaPipe framework to estimate five specific upper limb movements in stroke survivors. A single mobile camera recorded the movements on their affected side in a study involving 10 hemiplegic patients. The algorithm was then utilized to calculate the angles associated with each movement, and its accuracy was validated against standard goniometer readings, showing a mean bias within an acceptable range. Additionally, a Bland-Altman analysis demonstrated a 95% limit of agreement between the algorithm\u2019s results and those of the Goniometer, indicating reliable performance. The MediaPipe framework provides several advantages over other methods like OpenPose and PoseNet, such as several anatomical key points, improved precision and reduced execution time. This algorithm facilitates efficient measurement of upper limb movement angles in stroke survivors and allows for straightforward tracking of mobility improvements. Such innovative technology is a valuable tool for healthcare professionals assessing upper limb kinematics in rehabilitation settings.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09544119251315421","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,28]],"date-time":"2025-01-28T21:58:05Z","timestamp":1738101485000},"page":"48-55","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Human upper limb kinematics using a novel algorithm in post-stroke patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"239","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8623-1744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Porkodi","family":"Jayavel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1641-6364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hari Krishnan","family":"Srinivasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8895-1091","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Varshini","family":"Karthik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Fouly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6222-7337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ashokkumar","family":"Devaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Technology, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Tamil Nadu, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AISP57993.2023.10135006"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1115\/1.4049199"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2915524"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2907716"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2020.2982459"},{"key":"e_1_3_3_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JSEN.2019.2940612"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_3_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0213064","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0213064","article-title":"Validity of inertial sensor-based 3D joint kinematics of static and dynamic sport and physiotherapy specific movements","volume":"14","author":"Teufel W","year":"2019","unstructured":"Teufel W, Miezal M, Taetz B, et al. 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