{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,6]],"date-time":"2026-11-06T03:57:35Z","timestamp":1793937455621,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,7]],"date-time":"2026-03-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772841600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003093","name":"Ministry of Higher Education, Malaysia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FRGS\/1\/2023\/TK10\/UMT\/02\/1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FRGS\/1\/2023\/TK10\/UMT\/02\/1"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003093","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc Inst Mech Eng H"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Excessive heat generation during bone drilling causes thermal osteonecrosis, posing a significant risk in orthopedic and dental procedures. While various aspects of drill design have been studied, the specific influence of margin geometry remains underexplored in the context of thermal engineering. This study integrates drilling simulation, experimental validation, and statistical optimization to evaluate the thermal impact of drill margin width (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">w<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) and height (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    ) during cortical bone drilling. A validated thermo-mechanical model was developed using commercial software DEFORM-3D. The simulation results were validated with experimental bone drilling with small temperature prediction errors (2.4% and 8.0%). Key thermal metrics (maximum temperature (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    ), osteonecrosis diameter (OD), and osteonecrosis depth (OH)) were optimized using a central composite design (CCD) of response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability-based multi-objective optimization. Results revealed that\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">w<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    had the most significant second-order influence on\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    (47.2%), while\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    dominated OD (41.1%) and OH (47.8%). The optimal drill margins (\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">h<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.05\u2009mm and\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">M<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">w<\/jats:italic>\n                    <\/jats:sub>\n                    \u2009=\u20090.22\u2009mm), which achieved a desirability score of 0.985, could reduce\n                    <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">T<\/jats:italic>\n                    <jats:sub>max<\/jats:sub>\n                    by up to 44.8\u00b0C, which is below the osteonecrosis threshold. This work highlights drill margins as a critical yet previously underutilized design variable, offering an alternative pathway for the thermally optimized development of surgical tools and next-generation robotic-assisted drilling systems.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09544119261426440","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T10:31:18Z","timestamp":1773225078000},"page":"411-426","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Thermal performance of modified surgical drill margins during bone drilling: An experimental, numerical, and optimization case study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"240","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8062-2445","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohd Faizal Ali","family":"Akhbar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Naval Architecture and Maritime Technology, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology (FTKK), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shahrizan","family":"Jamaludin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Naval Architecture and Maritime Technology, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology (FTKK), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suriani","family":"Mat Jusoh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Naval Architecture and Maritime Technology, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology (FTKK), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fatin","family":"Alias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Naval Architecture and Maritime Technology, Faculty of Ocean Engineering Technology (FTKK), Universiti Malaysia Terengganu (UMT), Terengganu, 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