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This study assesses the potential of 6 O-butanoyl castanospermine (cel-gosivir) as a treatment for hepatitis C virus (HCV). In the absence of an adequate culture system for HCV, the closely related virus, bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), was used as a surrogate model. Using both a plaque assay and a cytopathic effect assay, celgosivir (IC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>16 and 47 \u03bcM respectively) was shown to be more potent than N-nonyl DNJ (105 and 74 \u03bcM), castanospermine (110 and 367 \u03bcM) and N-butyl DNJ (&gt;250 and 550 \u03bcM). Of the \u03b1-glucosi-dase inhibitors tested, only N-nonyl DNJ showed evidence of toxicity (CC<jats:sub>50<\/jats:sub>\u2265120 \u03bcM). Two-way combinations of interferon-\u03b1, ribavirin and either celgosivir or castanospermine demonstrated that each could enhance the antiviral efficacy of the others, either additively or synergistically. The observation that the number of viral genomes released from BVDV-infected cells was inhibited by either castanospermine or celgosivir in parallel with the number of infectious units was taken as confirmation that these \u03b1-glucosidase I inhibitors block the production or release of flavivirus particles.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/095632020401500304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,3,16]],"date-time":"2015-03-16T17:01:37Z","timestamp":1426525297000},"page":"141-151","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":82,"title":["Action of Celgosivir (6<i>O<\/i>-Butanoyl Castanospermine) against the Pestivirus BVDV: Implications for the Treatment of Hepatitis C"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kevin","family":"Whitby","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Washington University, St Louis, Mo., USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Debra","family":"Taylor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Technology Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dipa","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Technology Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Parvin","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Technology Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A Stanley","family":"Tyms","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MRC Technology Ltd, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,6,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1995.1333"},{"key":"bibr2-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"93","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-6997(25)00026-2","volume":"41","author":"Berenbaum MC","year":"1989","journal-title":"Pharmacology Review"},{"key":"bibr3-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.91.6.2235"},{"key":"bibr4-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.8.3527-3536.2001"},{"key":"bibr5-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0166-3542(94)00074-I"},{"key":"bibr6-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0065-2571(84)90007-4"},{"key":"bibr7-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.72.5.3851-3858.1998"},{"key":"bibr8-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.74.1.564-572.2000"},{"key":"bibr9-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.286.5446.1882"},{"key":"bibr10-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.291.5512.2364"},{"key":"bibr11-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1995.0038"},{"key":"bibr12-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.22.10787-10799.2001"},{"key":"bibr13-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360731"},{"key":"bibr14-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.75.22.11205-11217.2001"},{"key":"bibr15-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8227(01)00221-2"},{"key":"bibr16-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-3542(02)00075-X"},{"key":"bibr17-095632020401500304","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/abbi.1993.1264"},{"key":"bibr18-095632020401500304","unstructured":"Rice CM (1996) Flaviviridae: The viruses and their replication. 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