{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:36:36Z","timestamp":1777926996065,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,5,1]],"date-time":"2013-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1367366400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Summary<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Cognitive impairment is common in HIV-infected individuals, as is syphilis. Treponema pallidum, the bacterium that causes syphilis, invades the central nervous system early in disease. We hypothesized that HIV-infected patients with a history of syphilis or neurosyphilis would have more cognitive impairment than HIV-infected individuals without these infections. Eighty-two of 1574 enrollees in CHARTER, a prospective, observational study, had reactive serum rapid plasma reagin (RPR) tests. They were matched to 84 controls with non-reactive RPR by age, gender, ethnicity and HIV risk factor. Participants underwent comprehensive neuropsychological (NP) evaluations. RPR results were confirmed and serum fluorescent treponemal antibody absorption (FTA-ABS) test reactivity determined at a central laboratory. Sera from 101 of 166 participants were FTA-ABS reactive, indicating past or current syphilis. Among the 136 individuals without confounding conditions, compared with patients who had never had syphilis, those with prior syphilis had a greater number of impaired NP test domains (1.90 SD [1.77] versus 1.25 [1.52], P = 0.03), a higher global deficit score (0.47 [0.46] versus 0.31 [0.33], P = 0.03), and more were impaired in the NP learning domain (36 [42.9%] of 84 versus 13 [25.0%] of 52, P = 0.04). These effects of prior syphilis remained after controlling for education and premorbid intelligence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462412472827","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,15]],"date-time":"2013-06-15T20:08:49Z","timestamp":1371326929000},"page":"351-355","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Neurocognitive impairment in HIV-infected individuals with previous syphilis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"24","author":[{"given":"C M","family":"Marra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Deutsch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A 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TX"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"McArthur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J A","family":"McCutchan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D M","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, The Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N A","family":"Duarte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"R K","family":"Heaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"I","family":"Grant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, CA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462412472827","unstructured":"See http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/stats10\/syphilis.htm (last checked 30 September 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