{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:37:34Z","timestamp":1777927054755,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]],"date-time":"2014-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1399507200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We determined the prevalence of four sexually transmitted infections and the demographic and behavioural correlates associated with having one or more sexually transmitted infections among participants in an HIV incidence cohort study in Kisumu, western Kenya. Participants were enrolled from a convenience sample and underwent aetiologic sexually transmitted infection investigation. Demographic and behavioural information were collected and basic clinical evaluation performed. Multiple regression analysis was done to determine variables associated with having one or more sexually transmitted infections. We screened 846, 18- to 34-year-olds. One-third had at least one sexually transmitted infection with specific prevalence being: syphilis, 1.6%; gonorrhoea, 2.4%; herpes simplex virus type-2, 29.1%; chlamydia, 2.8%; and HIV, 14.8%. Odds of having any sexually transmitted infection were higher among participants who were women, were aged 20\u201324 or 30\u201334 years compared to 18\u201319 years, had secondary or lower education compared to tertiary education, were divorced, widowed or separated compared to singles, reported having unprotected sex compared to those who did not, reported previous sexually transmitted infection treatment, and tested HIV-positive. Multiple strategies are needed to address the overall high prevalence of sexually transmitted infections as well as the gender disparity found in this Kenyan population. Structural interventions may be beneficial in addressing educational and socio-economic barriers, and increasing the uptake of health-promoting practices.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462414532447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,9]],"date-time":"2014-05-09T03:34:22Z","timestamp":1399606462000},"page":"225-237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Correlates of prevalent sexually transmitted infections among participants screened for an HIV incidence cohort study in Kisumu, Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Fredrick Odhiambo","family":"Otieno","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)\/CDC Program, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Ndivo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)\/CDC Program, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Oswago","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre for Global Health Research, Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI)\/CDC Program, Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sherri","family":"Pals","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Thomas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ernesta","family":"Kunneke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Faculty of Community and Health Sciences, University of the Western Cape, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lisa A","family":"Mills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleanor","family":"McLellan-Lemal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Office of Infectious Diseases, National Center for HIV\/AIDS, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB Prevention, Division of HIV\/AIDS Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462414532447","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MAJ.0b013e31823ea276"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462414532447","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jri.2010.12.004"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462414532447","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1359105310371703"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462414532447","volume-title":"Global prevalence and incidence of selected curable sexually transmitted 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Effect of gender of the recorded voice on responses to sensitive sexual behavior questions use of audio computer-assisted self-interview (ACASI) in Kisumu, Kenya.\n                      Field Methods\n                      2012; 24: 367\u2013381.","DOI":"10.1177\/1525822X11432087"},{"key":"bibr67-0956462414532447","first-page":"22","volume":"77","author":"Wilkinson D","year":"1999","journal-title":"Bull World Health Org"},{"key":"bibr68-0956462414532447","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1193748"},{"key":"bibr69-0956462414532447","unstructured":"World Bank.\n                      Education and HIV\/AIDS: a window of hope\n                      . Washington DC: The World Bank; 2002 Contract No.: Document Number|."},{"key":"bibr70-0956462414532447","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1728-4465.2004.00019.x"},{"key":"bibr71-0956462414532447","unstructured":"Wallerstein N. What is the evidence on effectiveness of empowerment to improve health? 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