{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T05:57:10Z","timestamp":1792821430411,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,7]],"date-time":"2015-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    To determine the prevalence and predictors of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among HIV-infected women in Tanzania, a cross-sectional study was conducted among HIV-infected women at HIV care and treatment clinics. A Papanicolaou (Pap) smear was used as a screening tool for detection of cervical SIL. From December 2006 to August 2009, 1365 HIV-infected women received cervical screening. The median age was 35 (interquartile range [IQR]: 30\u201342) years, and the median CD4\u2009+\u2009cell count was 164 (IQR: 80\u2013257) cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    . The prevalence of cervical SIL was 8.7% (119\/1365). In multivariate analysis, older age (\u226550 versus 30\u2013&lt;40 years: prevalence ratio [PR], 2.36; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.45\u20133.84, p for trend\u2009=\u20090.001), lower CD4\u2009+\u2009cell counts (&lt;100 versus \u2265200\u2009cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    : PR, 1.55; 95% CI, 1.01\u20132.36, p for trend\u2009=\u20090.03) and cervical inflammation (PR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.16\u20132.60, p\u2009=\u20090.008) were associated with an increased risk of cervical SIL. Women with advanced WHO HIV disease stage (IV versus I\/II: PR, 3.45; 95% CI, 1.35\u20138.85, p for trend\u2009=\u20090.01) had an increased risk for high-grade SIL. In resource-limited settings where it is not feasible to provide cervical cancer prevention services to all HIV-infected women, greater efforts should focus on scaling-up services among those who are older than 50 years, with lower CD4 cell counts and advanced HIV disease stage.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415584466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,8]],"date-time":"2015-05-08T20:28:35Z","timestamp":1431116915000},"page":"219-225","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of cervical squamous intraepithelial lesions among HIV-infected women in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Enju","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renicha","family":"McCree","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Cancer Institute, Center for Global Health, Rockville, MD, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Expeditho","family":"Mtisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Africa Academy for Public Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wafaie W","family":"Fawzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eric","family":"Aris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Irene A","family":"Lema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ellen","family":"Hertzmark","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guerino","family":"Chalamilla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Management and Development for Health, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sten H","family":"Vermund","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, TN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donna","family":"Spiegelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Population, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9896(199909)189:1<12::AID-PATH431>3.0.CO;2-F"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199711063371903"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e32833f39b2"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-12-237"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3182426227"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462415584466","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001032"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462415584466","unstructured":"International Agency for Research on Cancer.\n                      GLOBOCAN 2012: estimated cancer incidence,\n                      mortality and prevalence worldwide in 2012. 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