{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,2]],"date-time":"2025-10-02T13:09:02Z","timestamp":1759410542116,"version":"3.38.0"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,7]],"date-time":"2015-05-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1430956800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> Chlamydia is the most commonly notified sexually transmitted infection in Australia. Australian guidelines recommend urogenital screening in asymptomatic men and women, and rectal screening in men who have sex with men or women reporting anal sex\/symptoms. International studies describe a rectal chlamydia prevalence in women of 5% to 21%. We found that in women at high risk of chlamydia, 57% (32\/56) tested positive for rectal chlamydia. Of these, 97% (31\/32) had concurrent urogenital chlamydia. Women with urogenital chlamydia were significantly more likely to have a positive rectal result (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>, p\u2009=\u20090.000). Neither anal symptoms nor reported anal sex were associated with a positive rectal chlamydia test. The recommended treatment of rectal chlamydia differs substantially from that of urogenital chlamydia, raising the possibility that Australian women are being regularly undertreated due to a lack of rectal testing. Untreated rectal chlamydia may increase the risk of persistent infection, reproductive tract reinfection, complications and transmission. Further work is needed to determine the optimal management of chlamydia in women. <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415586317","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,9]],"date-time":"2015-05-09T00:28:35Z","timestamp":1431131315000},"page":"526-530","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":37,"title":["Rectal chlamydia infection in women at high risk of chlamydia attending Canberra Sexual Health Centre"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Kate","family":"Musil","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, ANU Medical School, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Currie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Canberra\/ Australian National University\/ Canberra Hospital, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}]},{"given":"Miranda","family":"Sherley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Canberra Hospital, Canberra Sexual Health Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, ANU Medical School, Canberra, ACT, Australia"},{"name":"Canberra Hospital, Canberra Sexual Health Centre, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/9781555817329"},{"volume-title":"HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmissible infections in Australia, annual surveillance report, 2014","year":"2014","author":"The Kirby Institute","key":"bibr2-0956462415586317"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2008.031773"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181d444f6"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu831"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-274"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000175"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2010.009279"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31821890e9"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462413515637"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462415586317","unstructured":"Australian STI Management Guidelines, http:\/\/www.sti.guidelines.org.au\/ (accessed 2 March 2015)."},{"key":"bibr12-0956462415586317","unstructured":"STIs in Gay Men Action Group (STIGMA). Australian Sexually Transmitted Infection and HIV testing guidelines 2014 for asymptomatic men who have sex with men 2014. STIGMA; 2014, http:\/\/www.ashm.org.au\/pdfs\/STIGMATestingGuidelines.pdf (accessed 2 March 2015)."},{"key":"bibr13-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/095646204322916588"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-12-113"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31826ae9a2"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008406"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2012.011378"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31828098f8"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462415586317","first-page":"408","volume":"55","author":"Kinghorn G","year":"1979","journal-title":"Br J Venereal Dis"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462415586317","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kong FYS, Tabrizi SN, Fairley CK, et\u00a0al. The efficacy of azithromycin and doxycycline for the treatment of rectal chlamydia infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. 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