{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:38:54Z","timestamp":1777927134967,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":6,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]],"date-time":"2015-12-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1449100800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>An unconfirmed positive treponemal enzyme immunoassay (enzyme immunoassay positive, Treponema pallidum particle agglutination negative and rapid plasma reagin negative) presents a clinical challenge to distinguish early syphilis infection from false-positive results. These cases are referred for syphilis line assay (INNO-LIA) and recalled for repeat syphilis serology. We performed a retrospective audit to establish the proportion of HIV-negative cases with unconfirmed positive enzyme immunoassay results, the proportion of these cases that received an INNO-LIA test and repeat syphilis serology testing and reviewed the clinical outcomes; 0.35% (80\/22687) cases had an unconfirmed positive treponemal enzyme immunoassay result. Repeat syphilis serology was performed in 80% (64\/80) cases, but no additional cases of syphilis were identified. Eighty-eight per cent (70\/80) received an INNO-LIA test; 14% (5\/37) unconfirmed enzyme immunoassay-positive cases with no prior history of syphilis were confirmed on INNO-LIA assay, supporting a diagnosis of latent syphilis. As a confirmatory treponemal test, the INNO-LIA assay may be more useful than repeat syphilis serological testing.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415621660","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,4]],"date-time":"2015-12-04T20:19:04Z","timestamp":1449260344000},"page":"798-800","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The management of isolated positive syphilis enzyme immunoassay results in HIV-negative patients attending a sexual health clinic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Thorley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual health, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Whittall Street Sexual Health Clinic, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Adebayo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual health, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Whittall Street Sexual Health Clinic, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erasmus","family":"Smit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust and Public Health England, Public Health Laboratory Birmingham, Heartlands Hospital, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Keith","family":"Radcliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sexual health, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Whittall Street Sexual Health Clinic, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462415621660","unstructured":"Standards Unit, Microbiology Services, Public Health England. UK Standards for Microbiology Investigations \u2013 syphilis serology 2015 (V44), www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/421801\/V44i2.pdf (accessed 18 September 2015)."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462415621660","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control. Serodia\n                      Treponema Pallidum\n                      particle agglutination test 2001, http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/nchs\/data\/nhanes\/nhanes_01_02\/l36_b_met_syphillis_serodia_ treponema.pdf (accessed 15 April 2015)."},{"key":"bibr3-0956462415621660","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.1.215-219.2000","volume":"38","author":"Ebel A","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462415621660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/095646202320753718"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462415621660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1972.03190320032011"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462415621660","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2340\/00015555-0092"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462415621660","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462415621660","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462415621660","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:35:46Z","timestamp":1777674946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462415621660"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]]},"references-count":6,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462415621660"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462415621660","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,3]]}}}