{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:38:54Z","timestamp":1777927134928,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]],"date-time":"2016-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468195200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Starting July 2013, all patients attending a sexual health clinic who reported risk of extra-genital infection were offered self-taken extra-genital swabs. The study aim was to assess the detection rate of extra-genital infection since self-taken swabs were introduced. We compared patients diagnosed with chlamydia and gonorrhoea in six-month periods before (February\u2013July 2012) and after (February\u2013July 2014) the introduction of self-taken extra-genital swabs. There were 408 (98 gonorrhoea, 310 chlamydia) detected infections in the 2012 period and 404 (121 gonorrhoea, 283 chlamydia) in 2014. The rate of extra-genital chlamydia\/gonorrhoea increased fourfold from 18\/408, 4.4% to 77\/404 19% ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). The rise was seen in both rectal (8\/408, 2% vs. 40\/404, 9.9%, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) and pharyngeal infection (10\/408, 2.5% vs. 48\/404, 11.8% P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). Significant rises were seen in men who have sex with men in rectal (5\/408, 1.2% vs. 28\/404, 6.9% P\u2009=\u20090.001) and pharyngeal infection (10\/408, 2.5% vs. 20\/404, 5%, P\u2009=\u20090.02) and for women in rectal (3\/408, 0.7% vs. 12\/404, 3% P\u2009=\u20090.03) and pharyngeal infection (0\/408, 0% vs. 20\/404, 5%, P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001). In 100 consecutive patients having extra-genital swabs in each study period, self-swabbing rose from 0% (0\/100) to 89% (89\/100) P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001. The introduction of routine self-taken extra-genital swabs has led to a large rise in detected extra-genital chlamydia and\/or gonorrhoea infection in men who have sex with men and women.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462415621833","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,15]],"date-time":"2015-12-15T20:19:32Z","timestamp":1450210772000},"page":"1330-1333","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The effect of introducing routine self-taken extra-genital swabs in a genitourinary medicine clinic cohort: a before and after study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"27","author":[{"given":"Farai","family":"Nyatsanza","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Patrick Clements Clinic, Department of Sexual Health and HIV, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Central Middlesex Hospital, Acton Lane, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anisha","family":"Trivedy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patrick Clements Clinic, Department of Sexual Health and HIV, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Central Middlesex Hospital, Acton Lane, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Brook","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Patrick Clements Clinic, Department of Sexual Health and HIV, London North West Healthcare NHS Trust, Central Middlesex Hospital, Acton Lane, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462415621833","unstructured":"Public Health England.\n                      Sexually transmitted infections and chlamydia screening in England\n                      , https:\/\/www.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/437433\/hpr2215_STI_NCSP_v6.pdf (2014, accessed 6th July 2015)."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dku574"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/20.Supplement_1.S47"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2008.031443"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2011.049346"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-274"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu831"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/ijsa.2008.008056"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462415621833","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462413515637"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462415621833","unstructured":"Nwokolo NC, Dragovic B, Patel S, et\u00a0al. British Association of Sexual Health and HIV.\n                      2015 UK national guideline for the management of infection with\n                      Chlamydia trachomatis\n                      , http:\/\/www.bashh.org\/documents\/UK%20guideline%20for%20the%20management%20of%20%20Chlamydia%20trachomatis%20%288-06-15%20v4%29%20submitted%20to%20IJSA.pdf (2015, accessed 6th July 2015)."}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462415621833","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462415621833","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462415621833","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:35:46Z","timestamp":1777674946000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462415621833"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"14","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462415621833"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462415621833","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,11]]}}}