{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:39:11Z","timestamp":1777927151168,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]],"date-time":"2016-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468108800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    While gastrointestinal disease is common among HIV infected individuals, the prevalence and distribution of ano-rectal pathology has not been well studied in our setting. The objective of this study therefore was to determine the prevalence and determinants of ano-rectal pathology in HIV infected patients attending the Douala General Hospital HIV treatment centre. A hospital-based cross-sectional study was undertaken. We collected socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data using a structured questionnaire and patients\u2019 files. Each study participant had a full physical and ano-rectal examination. We further studied factors associated with having at least one ano-rectal lesion by logistic regression reporting odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI). We included 390 HIV infected patients. The mean age was 41 (SD: 8) years and 48% were men. Median duration since HIV diagnosis was 3 (interquartile range: 2\u20135) years and median CD4 cell count was 411 (interquartile range: 234\u2013601) cells\/mm\n                    <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                    . Prevalence of ano-rectal pathology was 22.8% (95% CI: 18.7\u201327.3). Hemorrhoids and proctitis were most common lesions found; each in 10% of patients. From multivariate logistic regression, factors associated with ano-rectal pathology were CD4\u2009&lt;\u2009350 cells\/ml (OR: 2.1, 95% CI: 1.1\u20134.2), not on highly active antiretroviral therapy (OR: 2.2, 95% CI: 1.1\u20134.6), inpatient (OR: 2.3, 95% CI: 1.2\u20134.3), ano-rectal intercourse (OR: 5.0, 95% CI: 1.7\u201315.1), and more than one sexual partner (OR: 2.4, 95% CI: 1.3\u20134.2). Ano-rectal pathology is common amongst HIV infected patients. Care givers should actively investigate and treat them as this will improve the quality of life of people living with HIV\/AIDS.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462416650817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,5,13]],"date-time":"2016-05-13T20:28:23Z","timestamp":1463171303000},"page":"389-396","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Anorectal pathology amongst HIV infected patients attending the Douala General Hospital: a cross-sectional study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Henry Namme","family":"Luma","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaound\u00e9 1, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Servais Albert Fiacre Bagnaka","family":"Eloumou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Douala, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ellis Atemlefeh","family":"Fualefeh-Morfaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Agnes","family":"Malongue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elvis","family":"Temfack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fernando Kemta","family":"Lekpa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, Douala General Hospital, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olivier","family":"Donfack-Sontsa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, University of London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucy","family":"Ndip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Buea, Cameroon"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivo Che","family":"Ditah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2014.05.001"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462416650817","unstructured":"UNAIDS. UNAIDS Global Report. Geneva: Switzerland, 2013. 2013."},{"key":"bibr3-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/322590"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.1080\/09540129850124361","volume":"10","author":"Hecht FM","year":"1998","journal-title":"AIDS Clin Care"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462416650817","unstructured":"UNAIDS. Global AIDS Response Progress Report. Geneva: Switzerland, 2014. 2014."},{"key":"bibr6-0956462416650817","unstructured":"Onusida,\n                      rapport national de suivis de la declaration politique sur le vih\/sida cameroun\n                      2012."},{"key":"bibr7-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-200501280-00002"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2000.03365.x"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462416650817","first-page":"247923","volume":"2011","author":"Bhaijee F","year":"2011","journal-title":"Patholog Res Int"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02560324"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0039-6109(02)00085-3"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02237051"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-76281-9_24"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462416650817","first-page":"674","volume":"25","author":"Abramowitz L","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gastroenterol Clin Biol"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/DCR.0b013e3181a65f5f"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-000-0020-1"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00384-009-0848-2"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-004-0606-z"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462416650817","unstructured":"OMS,\n                      directives nationales de prise en charge par les antiretroviraux des personnes (adultes et adolescentes) infectees par le vih au cameroun,\n                      2010."},{"key":"bibr20-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2009.04.010"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S1413-86702008000400007"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/644740"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.028852"},{"key":"bibr24-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAD.0b013e3281c61201"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01541846"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02234144"},{"key":"bibr27-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10350-008-9270-z"},{"key":"bibr28-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.2006.048488"},{"key":"bibr29-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.76.5.350"},{"key":"bibr30-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.019950"},{"key":"bibr31-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02055466"},{"key":"bibr32-0956462416650817","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02235268"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462416650817","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462416650817","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462416650817","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:36:12Z","timestamp":1777674972000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462416650817"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]]},"references-count":32,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462416650817"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462416650817","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,10]]}}}