{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,28]],"date-time":"2026-10-28T01:03:22Z","timestamp":1793149402436,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1468972800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Unfavorable pregnancy outcomes caused by Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infection are well known. The first step in addressing antenatal C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection is a national policy to screen all pregnant women for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae, regardless of symptoms. The aim of this study was to inform policy makers on the presence of antenatal screening recommendations for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection. We conducted a three-part study from June 2015 to February 2016. We analyzed English and French language information online on Ministry of Health websites regarding C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae antenatal screening. We referenced both primary official country and regional policy documents. We contacted the Ministry of Health directly if the information on the national antenatal screening was outdated or unavailable. In parallel, we sent a survey to the regional representative from the World Health Organization to help collect country-level data. Fourteen countries have current policies for antenatal screening of C. trachomatis and\/or N. gonorrhoeae infection: Australia, the Bahamas, Bulgaria, Canada, Estonia, Japan, Germany, Latvia, New Zealand, Democratic People\u2019s Republic of Korea, Romania, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Australia, New Zealand, and Latvia and the United States restricted antenatal screening to women \u226425 years old and those of higher risk. Several countries responded that they had policies to treat pregnant women with symptoms. This is the currently recommended WHO guideline but is not the same as universal screening. North Korea had policies in place which were not implemented due to lack of personnel and\/or supplies. National level policies to support routine screening for C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae infection to prevent adverse pregnancy and newborn outcomes are uncommon.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462416660483","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]],"date-time":"2016-07-20T20:08:27Z","timestamp":1469045307000},"page":"660-666","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Lost opportunity to save newborn lives: variable national antenatal screening policies for\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>\n                    and\n                    <i>Chlamydia trachomatis<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Medline","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University Mailman School of Public Health, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dvora","family":"Joseph Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Program in Global Health, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles, CA, USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey D","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Program in Global Health, Division of Infectious Disease, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462416660483","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) fact sheet. Updated December 2015, http:\/\/www.who.int\/mediacentre\/factsheets\/fs110\/en\/ (accessed 16 February 2016)."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1001396"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10654-011-9586-1"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diagmicrobio.2015.01.014"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2006.020990"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462416660483","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Guidelines for the management of sexually transmitted infections. http:\/\/apps.who.int\/medicinedocs\/en\/d\/Jh2942e\/2.4.html#Jh2942e (2004, accessed 16 February 2016)."},{"key":"bibr7-0956462416660483","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Chlamydia \u2013 CDC fact sheet (detailed). Updated 17 November, http:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/chlamydia\/stdfact-chlamydia-detailed.htm (2015, accessed 16 February 2016)."},{"key":"bibr8-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2002.004077"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2015\/720726"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02647.x"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462416660483","first-page":"123","volume":"60","author":"Lacey CJ","year":"1984","journal-title":"Br J Vener Dis"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462416660483","unstructured":"Institute of Medicine (US) Committee on Improving Birth Outcomes; Bale JR, Stoll BJ, Lucas AO (eds)\n                      Improving birth outcomes: meeting the challenge in the developing world\n                      . Washington, DC: National Academies Press (US), 2003; The problem of low birth weight, http:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK222095\/ (accessed 1 June 2016)."},{"key":"bibr13-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Adachi K, Nielsen-Saines K and Klausner JD.\n                      Chlamydia trachomatis\n                      infection in pregnancy: the global challenge of preventing adverse pregnancy and infant outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa and Asia.\n                      BioMed Res Int\n                      2016; 2016: 9315757.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/9315757"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-013-1423-6"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000340"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199712000-00001"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462416660483","first-page":"193","volume":"46","year":"1997","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Brocklehurst P and Rooney G. Interventions for treating genital\n                      Chlamydia trachomatis\n                      infection in pregnancy.\n                      Cochrane Database Syst Rev\n                      1998; 4. Art. No.: CD000054.","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD000054"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197702102960604"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-10-505"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wynn A, Ramogola-Masire D, Gaolebale P, et al. Acceptability and feasibility of sexually transmitted infection testing and treatment among pregnant women in Gaborone, Botswana, 2015.\n                      BioMed Res Int\n                      2016; 2016: Article 1251238.","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/1251238"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2458-14-704"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2014-051531"},{"key":"bibr24-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/0253-7184.74976"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462416660483","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1471-0528.13567"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462416660483","unstructured":"USPSTF recommendations for STI screening\n                      . 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Sexual Health Study in PNG set to improve maternal and newborn health. The Kirby Institute at UNSW and PNGIMR, http:\/\/newsroom.unsw.edu.au\/news\/health\/sexual-health-study-png-set-improve-maternal-and-newborn-health (2015, accessed 15 March 2016)."}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462416660483","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462416660483","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462416660483","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:36:20Z","timestamp":1777674980000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462416660483"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2017,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462416660483"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462416660483","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2016,7,20]]}}}