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We describe a HIV-infected young adult on antiretroviral therapy, presenting with a non-classical, fulminant form of SSPE to highlight the unpredictable nature of measles presentation. The recent spate of measles outbreaks due to virus introduction in populations with sub-optimal vaccine coverage or waning immunity and co-existing paediatric HIV cohorts is a cause for concern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462416687675","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,12]],"date-time":"2017-01-12T00:26:45Z","timestamp":1484180805000},"page":"937-939","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["HIV-associated sub-acute sclerosing panencephalitis \u2013 an emerging threat?"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Abi","family":"Manesh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahesh","family":"Moorthy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Virology, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rini","family":"Bandopadhyay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Priscilla","family":"Rupali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, Christian Medical College, Vellore, India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a112916"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/pmj.78.916.63"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-14-S3-O25"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneurol.2012.486"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/526525"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jis386"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/173.5.1077"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462416687675","first-page":"349","volume":"84","author":"Measles Vaccines: WHO Position Paper","year":"2009","journal-title":"Wkly Epidemiol Rec"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462416687675","first-page":"397","volume":"60","author":"Measles imported by returning U.S","year":"2011","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2016.21.32.30313"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462416687675","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881600145X"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462416687675","first-page":"1034","volume":"63","author":"Perry RT","year":"2014","journal-title":"MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462416687675","unstructured":"UNAIDS Geneva, Switzerland. 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