{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:40:51Z","timestamp":1777927251377,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]],"date-time":"2018-11-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1543363200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000050","name":"National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23HL126570"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23HL126570"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000050","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000133","name":"Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K12HS023009"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K12HS023009"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000133","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006492","name":"Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["K23AI106957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K23AI106957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006492","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Trichomonas vaginalis infection contributes to HIV transmission. The study objective was to determine the incidence and predictors of T. vaginalis reinfection among HIV-infected women in Birmingham, Alabama. A retrospective cohort study of women at an urban HIV clinic from August 2014 to March 2016 with T. vaginalis by nucleic acid amplification test (NAAT) was conducted. Time to first episode of reinfection was evaluated using Kaplan\u2013Meier survival curves. The association of various predictors was evaluated by univariate and multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses. Of 612 HIV-infected women at the UAB HIV clinic tested for T. vaginalis by the Aptima TV assay, 110 (18.0%) were identified with prevalent T. vaginalis infection. Overall, 25\/110 (22.7%) had a first episode of T. vaginalis reinfection by NAAT with a rate of 3.7 reinfections per 100 person-months (95% confidence interval [CI]: 2.3, 5.2). In univariate analysis, only an HIV viral load (VL) \u2265200\u00a0copies\/ml approached statistical significance (hazard ratio\u2009=\u20092.26; 95% CI: 0.97, 5.29, p\u2009=\u20090.06). After adjusting for age and race, the association of HIV VL \u2265200\u00a0copies\/ml remained strong (adjusted hazard ratio\u2009=\u20092.49; 95% CI: 0.99, 6.27, p\u2009=\u20090.05). T. vaginalis reinfection was high among HIV-infected women in this sample, necessitating enhanced disease control efforts in this high-risk population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462418807115","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,29]],"date-time":"2018-11-29T01:20:05Z","timestamp":1543454405000},"page":"344-352","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Incidence and predictors of reinfection with trichomoniasis based on nucleic acid amplification testing results in HIV-infected patients"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Christina A","family":"Muzny","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ashutosh R","family":"Tamhane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8539-4907","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ellen F","family":"Eaton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Hudak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Alabama School of Medicine, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Greer A","family":"Burkholder","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jane R","family":"Schwebke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/511278"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.olq.0000218869.52753.c7"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199707000-00008"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-199809000-00012"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1998.58.495"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/0889222041217437"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2015-052010"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6404a1","volume":"64","author":"Workowski KA","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1988.03720080057028"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462418807115","first-page":"771","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted diseases","author":"Hobbs MM","year":"2008","edition":"4"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01291-11"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02966-13"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Schwebke JR, Gaydos CA, Davis T, et\u00a0al. Clinical evaluation of the Cepheid Xpert(R) TV assay for detection of Trichomonas vaginalis with prospectively collected female and male specimens.\n                      J Clin Microbiol\n                      2017; 56(2).","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01091-17"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462418807115","unstructured":"2015 CDC STD surveillance, https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/std\/stats15\/std-surveillance-2015-print.pdf (2015, accessed 1 March 2018)."},{"key":"bibr15-0956462418807115","unstructured":"HIV in the Southern United States, https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/hiv\/pdf\/policies\/cdc-hiv-in-the-south-issue-brief.pdf (2016, accessed 1 March 2018)."},{"key":"bibr16-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000479"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QAI.0b013e3181eda955"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31828fce34"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2010.0059"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2014.0256"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1360-0443.1993.tb02093.x"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/09595230500170266"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu401"},{"key":"bibr24-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-200005000-00009"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/515678"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/340264"},{"key":"bibr27-0956462418807115","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.OLQ.0000086609.95617.8D"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462418807115","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462418807115","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462418807115","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:38:54Z","timestamp":1777675134000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462418807115"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]},"references-count":27,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462418807115"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462418807115","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2018,11,28]]}}}