{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,27]],"date-time":"2026-10-27T07:04:29Z","timestamp":1793084669440,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]],"date-time":"2019-05-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1556755200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In this study we assessed the prevalence and predictors of pharyngeal infections due to Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) and Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) in a cohort of patients attending an STI Clinic. From January 2016 to September 2018, 893 patients attending the STI Clinic of St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital (Bologna, Italy) and reporting unprotected oral sex were enrolled. A pharyngeal swab for the molecular detection of CT and NG was collected from each patient. Positive CT samples were further genotyped by an omp1 gene PCR. A total of 134 cases of gonorrhea (15%) and 34 chlamydial infections (3.8%) were detected in the pharyngeal site, with no significant differences between males (all men who have sex with men [MSM]) and females. More than 90% of the infections were completely asymptomatic, suggesting that symptoms were not predictors of a pharyngeal infection ( P\u2009=\u20090.7). On the contrary, a history of sexual contacts with a partner positive for CT and\/or NG ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001), HIV positivity ( P\u2009=\u20090.01), and the presence of concurrent genital and\/or rectal infections ( P\u2009&lt;\u20090.0001) were significantly associated with CT\/NG pharyngeal infections. Pharyngeal lymphogranuloma venereum cases were rare (prevalence: 0.4%), asymptomatic, and only found in MSM. Better knowledge about pharyngeal CT\/NG infections could help to set up effective strategies for their prevention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462419838922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,3]],"date-time":"2019-05-03T02:55:06Z","timestamp":1556852106000},"page":"732-738","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Pharyngeal Chlamydia and gonorrhea: a hidden problem"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"given":"Valeria","family":"Gaspari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonella","family":"Marangoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonietta","family":"D\u2019Antuono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dermatology, St Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Greta","family":"Roncarati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melissa","family":"Salvo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7253-8799","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudio","family":"Foschi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria Carla","family":"Re","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, DIMES, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462419838922","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO). Report on global sexually transmitted infection surveillance 2015, 2016 https:\/\/www.who.int\/reproductivehealth\/publications\/rtis\/stis-surveillance-2015\/en\/ (accessed 16 November 2018)."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2015-008245"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000384"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2016\/5758387"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1071\/SH12092"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu184"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00010-14"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.46.12.3744-3749.2002"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10156-008-0610-7"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000627"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000553"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6404a1","volume":"64","author":"Workowski KA","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462414543120"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000781"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.8.1.1"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0120979"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciu873"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0194827"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/lgbt.2014.0056"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-017-2402-0"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(18)30341-4"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.000261"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000822"},{"key":"bibr24-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000816"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro.2017.169"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000654"},{"key":"bibr27-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0164033"},{"key":"bibr28-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053126"},{"key":"bibr29-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/EID2201.141867"},{"key":"bibr30-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000657"},{"key":"bibr31-0956462419838922","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000661"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462419838922","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462419838922","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462419838922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:39:21Z","timestamp":1777675161000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462419838922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]]},"references-count":31,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462419838922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462419838922","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,5,2]]}}}