{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:41:18Z","timestamp":1777927278739,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1569542400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Cerebral toxoplasmosis continues to cause high morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The association of sulfadiazine and pyrimethamine is considered the standard therapy; however, it has potential disadvantages. This single-arm open-label clinical trial was carried out in a tertiary hospital in S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil. We included patients of at least 18 years of age, whose HIV infection was confirmed, and clinical and brain computed tomography (CT) findings were compatible with cerebral toxoplasmosis upon admission. Patients received trimethoprim (TMP) 10 mg\/kg\/day sulfamethoxazole (SMX) 50 mg\/kg\/day, in two divided doses. Brain CT was performed at study entry and after two weeks. The endpoints of the study were: (i) the proportion of patients with clinical and radiological response after two weeks of TMP-SMX and (ii) the proportion of patients who discontinued TMP-SMX due to adverse events. Forty-six patients were included (23 males, median age 35 years). The main clinical manifestations were headache, hemiparesis and altered mental status. The proportion of patients who obtained clinical and radiological response after two weeks of anti-toxoplasma treatment was 85% (n\u2009=\u200939). Overall, TMP-SMX was safe, with only 2 (4%) discontinuations due to adverse events. In this study, TMP-SMX was effective and safe in the treatment of HIV-related cerebral toxoplasmosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462419865829","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]],"date-time":"2019-09-27T03:20:52Z","timestamp":1569554452000},"page":"1156-1162","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Efficacy and safety of trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole in HIV-infected patients with cerebral toxoplasmosis in Brazil: a single-arm open-label clinical trial"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5915-2330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela","family":"Pellegrino","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Room, Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ronaldo","family":"Gryschek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Section of Helminthology, Institute of Tropical Medicine of S\u00e3o Paulo, School of Medicine of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Augusto C\u00e9sar Penalva","family":"de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Marcusso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ademir","family":"Correia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology, Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7830-8716","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jos\u00e9 E","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, School of Medicine of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Institute of Infectious Diseases Emilio Ribas, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"},{"name":"Medical Investigation Laboratory 49, Institute of Tropical Medicine of S\u00e3o Paulo, School of Medicine of the University of S\u00e3o Paulo, S\u00e3o Paulo, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410190303"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199212033272306"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2012.10.030"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(88)90014-9"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-1-33"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0035-3787(06)74980-3"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(87)90151-3"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462414560594"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462419865829","first-page":"956","volume":"97","author":"Arens J","year":"2007","journal-title":"S Afr Med J"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.35.10.2049"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462419865829","first-page":"331","volume":"12","author":"Nguyen BT","year":"1983","journal-title":"Nouv Press Med"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1979.28.445"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462419865829","first-page":"3","volume":"19","author":"Dedicoat M","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12402"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.42.6.1346"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1545109707301244"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.2009.80.583"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462419865829","unstructured":"Guidelines for managing advanced HIV disease and rapid initiation of antiretroviral therapy. Geneva: World Health Organization, July 2017."},{"key":"bibr19-0956462419865829","unstructured":"Brazilian Ministry of Health.\n                      Clinical protocol and therapeutic guidelines for management of HIV infection in adults\n                      . Brazil: Author, June 2017."},{"key":"bibr20-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01967063"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462419865829","first-page":"1315","volume":"27","author":"Smadja D","year":"1998","journal-title":"Presse Med"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0163-4453(98)90217-1"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182704040"},{"key":"bibr24-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/22.2.268"},{"key":"bibr27-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40268-017-0206-8"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.39.1.28"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/36.2.435"},{"key":"bibr28-0956462419865829","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jlb\/lsw008"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462419865829","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462419865829","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462419865829","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:39:43Z","timestamp":1777675183000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462419865829"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462419865829"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462419865829","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,9,27]]}}}