{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:42:07Z","timestamp":1777927327887,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]],"date-time":"2020-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600041600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000065","name":"National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N#34235"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N#34235"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000065","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Otosyphilis is a serious complication of syphilis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>329 participants enrolled in a study of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) abnormalities in syphilis underwent portable audiometry (250\u2009Hz to 8000\u2009Hz at 5\u201375\u2009dB); it was repeated in 33 after otosyphilis treatment. Treponema pallidum spp pallidum ( T. pallidum) DNA in blood was quantitated by polymerase chain reaction. Odds ratios (ORs) or hazard ratios (HRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were determined by logistic, ordinal or Cox regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>166 (50.5%) had normal hearing; 15 (4.6%) had low frequency (LF) loss alone, 93 (28.3%) had high frequency (HF) loss alone, and 55 (16.7%) had both. Adjusted odds of any hearing loss were higher with detectable blood T. pallidum DNA (3.00 [1.58\u20135.69], p\u2009=\u20090.001), CSF pleocytosis (2.02 [1.12\u20133.66], p\u2009=\u20090.02), and older age (2.22 per 10-year increase, [1.70\u20132.91], p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). HRs of normalization of LF and HF loss were lower for older individuals (0.20 [0.07\u20130.63, p\u2009=\u20090.005] and 0.22 [0.05\u20130.94, p\u2009=\u20090.04]), and HRs for normalization of HF loss were lower for those with more severe loss (0.09 [0.02\u20130.43], p\u2009=\u20090.002), and in those with CSF pleocytosis (0.32 [0.11\u20130.96], p\u2009=\u20090.04).<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Older age and CSF pleocytosis increase the likelihood of otosyphilis and impair hearing recovery after otosyphilis treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420947584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,15]],"date-time":"2020-09-15T01:57:27Z","timestamp":1600135047000},"page":"1178-1185","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Hearing loss in individuals at risk for neurosyphilis"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"31","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9313-2800","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christina M","family":"Marra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Clare L","family":"Maxwell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meena","family":"Ramchandani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"},{"name":"Public Health \u2013 Seattle & King County HIV\/STD Program, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lauren C","family":"Tantalo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sharon K","family":"Sahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shelia B","family":"Dunaway","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine (Infectious Diseases), University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie R","family":"Litvack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Education and Clinical Sciences, Elson S. Floyd College of Medicine, Washington State University, Spokane, WA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462420947584","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.\n                      Sexually transmitted disease\n                      surveillance 2017\n                      . Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, 2018."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462420947584","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control.\n                      Syphilis\n                      . Stockholm: ECDC, 2019."},{"key":"bibr3-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(17)30227-X"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000000687"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmjopen-2018-025995"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.mm6543a2"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ramchandani MS, Litvack JR, Marra CM. Otosyphilis: a review of the literature\n                      . Sex Transm Dis\n                      2020; 47: 296\u2013300.","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001155"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/000348948609500308"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.otohns.2006.08.026"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4081\/cp.2011.e133"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2012-050792"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.anorl.2014.02.003"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5694\/j.1326-5377.2010.tb03975.x"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nakagami F, Hagiya H, Maruyama K, et\u00a0al. Neurosyphilis concurrently involving eye and ear.\n                      BMJ Case Rep\n                      2018; 2018.","DOI":"10.1136\/bcr-2018-227185"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1869-5760-3-27"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMcpc1600611"},{"key":"bibr17-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jns.2017.04.038"},{"key":"bibr18-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.27635"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/381227"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.15585\/mmwr.rr6404a1","volume":"64","author":"Workowski KA","year":"2015","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462420947584","unstructured":"Larsen SA, Pope V, Johnson RE, et\u00a0al. A manual of tests for syphilis. 9th ed.  Washington, DC:  American Public Health Association, 1998, 361p."},{"key":"bibr22-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiv591"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462420947584","unstructured":"Public Health Seattle and King County. King County sexually transmitted diseases epidemiology report, www.kingcounty.gov\/depts\/health\/communicable-diseases\/hiv-std\/patients\/epidemiology\/\u223c\/media\/depts\/health\/communicable-diseases\/documents\/hivstd\/2013-STD-Epidemiology-Report.ashx (2013, accessed 29 February 2020)."},{"key":"bibr24-0956462420947584","first-page":"1","volume":"55","author":"Workowski KA","year":"2006","journal-title":"MMWR Recomm Rep"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462420947584","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Workowski KA and Berman S. Centers for Disease C, Prevention. 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