{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:42:15Z","timestamp":1777927335976,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605484800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100016557","name":"A+ Trust","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2019216"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019216"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100016557","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Antimicrobial resistance of Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) is of global public health concern. The aim of this study was to explore demographic and behavioural factors associated with antimicrobial susceptibility of NG to ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Gonococcal isolates (n\u2009=\u2009391) from clients attending the Auckland Sexual Health Service, New Zealand, from July 2014 \u2013 June 2015 (n\u2009=\u2009206), and July 2017 \u2013 June 2018 (n\u2009=\u2009185), were tested for susceptibility to ceftriaxone and azithromycin. Laboratory data were linked with behavioural and demographic data. Geometric mean azithromycin MICs increased across the two time periods (0.239\u2009mg\/L in 2014\/15 to 0.347\u2009mg\/L in 2017\/18, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001), and ceftriaxone MICs decreased (0.007\u2009mg\/L in 2014\/15 to 0.005\u2009mg\/L in 2017\/18, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). Demographic and behavioural factors were not associated with differences in ceftriaxone MICs; however azithromycin MICs were higher in men who have sex with men (0.356\u2009mg\/L) compared with the heterosexual study population (0.192\u2009mg\/L, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and were lower in Pacific peoples (0.201\u2009mg\/L, p\u2009&lt;\u20090.001) and M\u0101ori (0.244\u2009mg\/L, p\u2009=\u20090.05) compared with those of European ethnicity (0.321\u2009mg\/L). Our findings show that azithromycin MICs increased in our region between 2014 and 2018; associations were seen with sexual orientation and ethnicity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420959171","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]],"date-time":"2020-11-16T20:07:38Z","timestamp":1605557258000},"page":"67-74","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Demographic and behavioural factors associated with antimicrobial susceptibility to azithromycin and ceftriaxone in\n                    <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6369-2337","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rose F","family":"Forster","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland Sexual Health Service, Greenlane Clinical Centre, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marian","family":"Smith","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gavin","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mike","family":"Brokenshire","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sally A","family":"Roberts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gary N","family":"McAuliffe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Department, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462420959171","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Global action plan to control the spread and impact of antimicrobial resistance in\n                      Neisseria\n                      gonorrhoeae, https:\/\/apps.who.int\/iris\/bitstream\/handle\/10665\/44863\/9789241503501_eng.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y 2012, accessed 15 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr2-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00325-11"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.05760-11"},{"key":"bibr4-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMc1408109"},{"key":"bibr5-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2807\/1560-7917.ES.2018.23.27.1800323"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462420959171","unstructured":"Victoria State Government Health Alert. Multi-drug resistant gonorrhoea detected in Australia, www2.health.vic.gov.au\/about\/news-and-events\/healthalerts\/multi-drug-resistant-gonorrhoea-detected-in-australia 2018, accessed 20 September 2019)."},{"key":"bibr7-0956462420959171","first-page":"798","volume":"70","author":"Kersh EN","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.1002344"},{"key":"bibr9-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.12688\/f1000research.13600.1"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.01221-19"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462420959171","unstructured":"Institute of Environmental Science and Research (ESR). Sexually Transmitted Infection (STI) surveillance, www.esr.cri.nz\/our-services\/consultancy\/public-health\/sti\/ (accessed 15 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr12-0956462420959171","unstructured":"Gonorrhoea Guidelines Writing Group on behalf of the New Zealand Sexual Health Society. New Zealand guidelines for the management of gonorrhoea, 2014, and response to the threat of antimicrobial resistance, www.nzshs.org\/docman\/guidelines\/best-practice-guidelines\/142-new-zealand-guideline-for-the-management-of-gonorrhoea-2014-and-response-to-the-threat-of-antimicrobial-resistance\/file (accessed 20 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr13-0956462420959171","first-page":"71","volume":"131","author":"McAuliffe G","year":"2018","journal-title":"N Z Med J"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462420959171","unstructured":"European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 9.0, www.eucast.org\/fileadmin\/src\/media\/PDFs\/EUCAST_files\/Breakpoint_tables\/v_9.0_Breakpoint_Tables.pdf 2019, accessed 26 July 2019)."},{"key":"bibr15-0956462420959171","first-page":"E","volume":"41","author":"Lahra MM","year":"2017","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell Q Rep"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462420959171","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control. Gonococcal antimicrobial susceptibility surveillance in Europe, www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications-data\/gonococcal-antimicrobial-susceptibility-surveillance-europe-2018#no-link 2018, accessed 20 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr17-0956462420959171","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Sexually transmitted disease surveillance 2017: Gonococcal Isolate Surveillance Project (GISP) supplement and profiles, www.cdc.gov\/std\/stats17\/gisp2017\/docs\/gisp_2017_supplement_final_2019.pdf (accessed 20 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr18-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04337-14"},{"key":"bibr19-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-018-3528-4"},{"key":"bibr20-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31827bd64c"},{"key":"bibr21-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.04476-14"},{"key":"bibr22-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.007575"},{"key":"bibr23-0956462420959171","unstructured":"BASHH Clinical Effectiveness Group. Update on the treatment of\n                      Chlamydia trachomatis\n                      (CT) infection. www.bashhguidelines.org\/media\/1191\/update-on-the-treatment-of-chlamydia-trachomatis-infection-final-16-9-18.pdf 2018, accessed 20 September 2019)."},{"key":"bibr24-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462418799181"},{"key":"bibr25-0956462420959171","first-page":"w14645","volume":"148","author":"Hinic V","year":"2018","journal-title":"Swiss Med Wkly"},{"key":"bibr26-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12916-017-0881-x"},{"key":"bibr27-0956462420959171","volume":"43","author":"Lahra M","year":"2019","journal-title":"Commun Dis Intell"},{"key":"bibr28-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkx405"},{"key":"bibr29-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/fmb.14.138"},{"key":"bibr30-0956462420959171","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.02131-13"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462420959171","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956462420959171","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956462420959171","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:41:18Z","timestamp":1777675278000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956462420959171"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956462420959171"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956462420959171","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,16]]}}}