{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:42:18Z","timestamp":1777927338008,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]],"date-time":"2020-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1607385600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Epididymitis is a common cause of scrotal pain presentation in sexual health clinics; however, it is unclear what fraction is attributable to transmissible infections. We, therefore, reviewed the aetiologies causing epididymitis. A retrospective data analysis of all cases of epididymitis diagnosed from January 2018 to December 2018 in three sexual health clinics was conducted, collecting demographics, results, management and symptom resolution at two weeks follow up. A total of 127 cases of epididymitis (mean age 32\u2009years, heterosexual 97, MSM 30) were included. Among them 14 cases (11%) were caused by sexual transmitted infections (&lt;35\u2009years n\u2009=\u20099; &gt;35\u2009years n\u2009=\u20095): seven cases of chlamydia, six gonorrhoea, one syphilis and one trichomonas vaginalis. There were three cases of urinary tract infection diagnosed. All cases were treated with antibiotics recommended by the British Association for Sexual Health and HIV (BASHH). At two\u2009weeks follow up post-treatment 10 (7%) were symptomatic; 91% did not attend for follow up. Sexually transmitted infections were associated with acute epididymitis in 11% of this study cohort.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462420963879","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,10]],"date-time":"2020-12-10T13:24:17Z","timestamp":1607606657000},"page":"96-99","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Epididymitis and its aetiologies in a central London sexual health clinic"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6482-4119","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Venkateshwaran","family":"Sivaraj","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Department, Guy\u2019s & St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Azraan","family":"Ahamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Department, Guy\u2019s & St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ruslan","family":"Artykov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Department, Guy\u2019s & St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0227-2152","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anatole","family":"Menon-Johansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health Department, Guy\u2019s & St. Thomas NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956462420963879","author":"McConaghy J","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am Family Phys"},{"key":"bibr2-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0956462417699356"},{"key":"bibr3-0956462420963879","unstructured":"Pickard P, Bartoletti R, Bjerklund-Johansen TE. European guidelines on urological infections, https:\/\/uroweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/EAU-Extended-Guidelines-2016-Edn.pdf (2016, accessed 28 August 2020)."},{"key":"bibr4-0956462420963879","unstructured":"Street E, Joyce A, Wilson J. United Kingdom national guideline for the management of epididymo-orchitis. Clinical Effectiveness Group, British Association for Sexual Health and HIV, www.bashhguidelines.org\/media\/1062\/3546.pdf (2010, accessed 23 June 2020)."},{"key":"bibr5-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0132776"},{"key":"bibr6-0956462420963879","first-page":"361","volume":"69","author":"Hoosen AA","year":"1993","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"bibr7-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5347(17)56978-5"},{"key":"bibr8-0956462420963879","unstructured":"Public Health England. Addressing the increase in syphilis in England: PHE Action Plan, https:\/\/assets.publishing.service.gov.uk\/government\/uploads\/system\/uploads\/attachment_data\/file\/806076\/Addressing_the_increase_in_syphilis_in_England_Action_Plan_June_2019.pdf (2019, accessed 21 September 2020)."},{"key":"bibr9-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2490-4-4"},{"key":"bibr10-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2174\/1871526520666200218115400"},{"key":"bibr11-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.urology.2019.10.018"},{"key":"bibr12-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1967.03120180105025"},{"key":"bibr13-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052660"},{"key":"bibr14-0956462420963879","first-page":"324","volume":"72","author":"Banyra O","year":"2019","journal-title":"Cent European J Urol"},{"key":"bibr15-0956462420963879","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0391560319858491"},{"key":"bibr16-0956462420963879","unstructured":"Green MG. The genitalia. In Morris G (ed):\n                      Pediatric diagnosis: interpretation of symptoms and signs in children and adolescents\n                      . 6th ed. 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