{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:42:36Z","timestamp":1777927356554,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]],"date-time":"2021-05-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1620432000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Penicillin is the conventional treatment for all stages of syphilis, including ocular and neurosyphilis, according to the recommendations by the Centre for Disease Control and Prevention Sexually Transmitted Disease. This case series highlighted three cases of ocular syphilis which showed prompt treatment response as early as 24\u00a0h after the adjunctive intravitreal ceftazidime injection. Methods: Case Series. Results: In case 1, there was significant improvement in the vision and vitritis after 24\u00a0h of a single intravitreal ceftazidime injection. In case 2, the patient achieved his best vision after a total of three intravitreal injections in his left eye and one in his right eye. In case 3, there was a further resolution of perivascular sheathing and retinal haemorrhages seen 1\u00a0week after a single intravitreal ceftazidime injection. Conclusion: The efficacy of intravitreal ceftazidime injection as a local adjunctive therapy in ocular syphilis treatment is noteworthy. It can be considered in cases which show suboptimal or slower treatment response despite early commencement of systemic penicillin to prevent devastating ocular sequelae.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624211011917","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,9]],"date-time":"2021-05-09T04:07:37Z","timestamp":1620533257000},"page":"968-973","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A case series with literature review on adjunctive usage of intravitreal ceftazidime in ocular syphilis with human immunodeficiency virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"Yi Wen","family":"Lim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8746-1528","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pooi Wah","family":"Lott","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nor Fadhilah","family":"Mohamad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tajunisah","family":"Begam Iqbal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Malaya"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-30559-7"},{"issue":"00","key":"e_1_3_3_3_2","first-page":"1","article-title":"Combined intravitreal and systemic antibiotic therapy in a patient with syphilitic uveitis","volume":"00","author":"Arjun BS","year":"2017","unstructured":"Arjun BS, Peace WA, Workowski KA, et al. 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