{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T10:04:53Z","timestamp":1789812293271,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    This study was sought to determine the impact of CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T-cell count and associated risk factors with intestinal parasitosis in people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Central Hospital, Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria. One hundred and seventy (170) HIV-seropositive subjects were enrolled in the study from 24 August 2015 to 22 January 2016. Sociodemographic data were assessed using structured questionnaires. Blood and stool samples were collected from every participant. CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T-cell count and stool parasitology were performed. The prevalence of intestinal parasites was 44.7%. Helminthiasis (67%) was a predominant infection in the study, while 32.9% had protozoasis. Specifically, Ancylostoma duodenale (33.3%) was the most common helminth, and Trichuris trichiura (7.8%), the least. However, Strongyloides stercoralis, Ascaris lumbricoides and Hymenolepis nana were 13.7%, 31.5% and 13.7%, respectively. Cryptosporidium spp. (25.0%) was the only protozoan. Lower CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    T-cell count, ART naivety (OR = 2.62 p &lt; 0.05), residence in a rural setting (OR = 0.89, p &lt; 0.05), and farming occupation (OR = 1.70, p &lt; 0.05) were associated with the prevalence of intestinal parasitosis among PLHIV. This study revealed a significantly high prevalence of intestinal parasitosis in ART naive PLHIV with reduced CD4\n                    <jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\n                    count. Hence, it is recommended to frequently test for intestinal parasitosis and commencement of ART in all PLHIV to improve their health and longevity.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624211020984","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,10]],"date-time":"2021-06-10T21:59:56Z","timestamp":1623362396000},"page":"1106-1113","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Prevalence, risk factors and impact of cellular immunity on intestinal parasitosis among people living with HIV at Auchi, Edo State, Nigeria"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"32","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2547-175X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonard I","family":"Uzairue","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Federal University Oye Ekiti, Oye, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcus","family":"Oghena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory, Maitama District Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rex Ehizojie","family":"Ikede","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma, Nigeria"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Basic Clinical Science, Nile University of Nigeria, Abuja, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Opeyemi Nifemi","family":"Aguda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pure and Applied Biology, Ladoke Akinola University of Technology, Ogbomosho, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yusuff Adebayo","family":"Adebisi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"suffix":"III","given":"Don Eliseo","family":"Lucero-Prisno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2331205x.2018.1503777"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2785"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2334-9-155"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624211020984","first-page":"63","volume":"130","author":"Kulkarni SV","year":"2009","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"bibr5-09564624211020984","unstructured":"UNAIDS. UNAIDS report shows that 19 million of the 35 million people living with HIV today do not know that they have the virus. Geneva: Press Release, http:\/\/www.unaids.org\/en\/resources\/presscentre\/pressreleaseandstatementarchive\/2014\/july\/20140716prgapreport."},{"key":"bibr6-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/2321-9157.135744"},{"key":"bibr7-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clim.2007.08.015"},{"key":"bibr8-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri2674"},{"key":"bibr9-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/v4030383"},{"key":"bibr10-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1101\/cshperspect.a007443"},{"key":"bibr11-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3152"},{"key":"bibr12-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2013.02.020"},{"key":"bibr13-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa1300662"},{"key":"bibr14-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(12)70098-4"},{"key":"bibr15-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/bjc.2013.32"},{"key":"bibr16-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.25.022106.141623"},{"key":"bibr17-09564624211020984","first-page":"614","volume":"58","author":"Blair OC","year":"1985","journal-title":"Yale J Biol Med"},{"key":"bibr18-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.trstmh.2005.11.014"},{"key":"bibr19-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/cyto.b.20425"},{"key":"bibr20-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.12.017"},{"key":"bibr21-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-7-836"},{"key":"bibr22-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-016-1337-1"},{"key":"bibr23-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1756-0500-6-534"},{"key":"bibr24-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12639-012-0119-y"},{"key":"bibr25-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3855\/jidc.2906"},{"key":"bibr26-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-019-3989-0"},{"key":"bibr27-09564624211020984","first-page":"295","volume":"17","author":"Jegede EF","year":"2014","journal-title":"Pan Afr Med J"},{"key":"bibr28-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.19026\/ajms.8.2987"},{"key":"bibr29-09564624211020984","first-page":"37","volume":"2","author":"Uzairue LI","year":"2014","journal-title":"Int J Basic Appl Innov Res"},{"key":"bibr30-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1742-6405-10-7"},{"key":"bibr31-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fpubh.2020.00074"},{"key":"bibr32-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/HIV.S206195"},{"key":"bibr33-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1051\/parasite\/2020025"},{"key":"bibr34-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13071-017-2558-x"},{"key":"bibr35-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1995-7645(11)60168-5"},{"key":"bibr36-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/324329"},{"key":"bibr37-09564624211020984","first-page":"157","volume":"53","author":"Nguyen NL","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Prev Med Hyg"},{"key":"bibr38-09564624211020984","first-page":"78","volume":"30","author":"Taha HA","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trop Biomed"},{"key":"bibr39-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro1998.CD4"},{"key":"bibr40-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-230X-8-36"},{"key":"bibr41-09564624211020984","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4314\/ejhd.v23i2.53230"},{"key":"bibr42-09564624211020984","first-page":"129","volume-title":"Consolidated Guidelines on the Use of Antiretroviral Drugs for Treating and Preventing HIV Infection: Recommendations for a Public Health Approach","author":"WHO","year":"2016","edition":"2"},{"issue":"11","key":"bibr43-09564624211020984","first-page":"951","volume":"6","author":"NACA","year":"2019","journal-title":"Angew Chem Int Edition"},{"key":"bibr44-09564624211020984","unstructured":"Ochigbo SO. Rapid Advice \u2013 Recommendations for 1st line ART in Nigeria. FMOH, HIV & AIDS Division. Abuja, Nigeria. (Ist Edition). 2020, May 2019, pp. 251\u2013254."}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624211020984","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09564624211020984","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624211020984","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:41:58Z","timestamp":1777675318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09564624211020984"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"references-count":44,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09564624211020984"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09564624211020984","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]}}}