{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,29]],"date-time":"2026-09-29T07:05:39Z","timestamp":1790665539584,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]],"date-time":"2021-11-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635811200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["121.00"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["121.00"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gonococcal infections with a higher bacterial load may pose a higher risk of transmission. We assessed the association between gonococcal bacterial load and coinfection with Mycoplasma genitalium.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      From September 2015 until May 2018, 200 men and transgender women who have sex with men participated in an HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) demonstration trial in Antwerp, Belgium. They underwent 3-monthly 3-site (anus, urine, and pharynx) molecular testing for N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis and M. genitalium, irrespective of symptoms. Gonococcal bacterial load was determined on remnant DNA extracts using an in-house quantitative PCR. Results were expressed as log\n                      <jats:sub>10<\/jats:sub>\n                      transformed copies\/mL and analyzed with a linear regression model.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gonococcal bacterial load could be determined for 82 (80.4%) of 102 anal, 17 (73.9%) of 23 urine, and 64 (90.1%) of 71 pharyngeal samples. M. genitalium was detected in five of these anal, two urine, and two pharyngeal samples and C. trachomatis was detected in 16 anal, one urine, and two pharyngeal samples. Gonococcal bacterial load was significantly higher in the presence of M. genitalium (difference 0.92 log copies\/mL, 95% CI 0.16\u20131.67).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Gonococcal bacterial load was higher with M. genitalium coinfection. M. genitalium may thus be a cofactor in gonococcal transmission.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624211048678","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,3]],"date-time":"2021-11-03T02:03:10Z","timestamp":1635904990000},"page":"129-135","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Gonococcal bacterial load in PrEP users with Mycoplasma genitalium coinfection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8010-1351","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christophe","family":"Van Dijck","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1804-252X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irith","family":"De Baetselier","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Vicky","family":"Cuylaerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jozefien","family":"Buyze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolein","family":"Laumen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"Laboratory of Medical Microbiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bea","family":"Vuylsteke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2557-8998","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chris","family":"Kenyon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium"},{"name":"University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/QCO.0000000000000621"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2011.00123"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.05341-11"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2018-053825"},{"key":"bibr5-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01171-20"},{"key":"bibr6-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2016-052950"},{"key":"bibr7-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01186-16"},{"key":"bibr8-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2504.181258"},{"key":"bibr9-09564624211048678","first-page":"1","volume":"97","author":"Richardson D","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sex Transm Infect"},{"key":"bibr10-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e31820ff9a4"},{"key":"bibr11-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2020-054500"},{"key":"bibr12-09564624211048678","unstructured":"Van Dessel H. More symptomatic infections and higher bacterial load in neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis co-infections compared to Neisseria gonorrhoeae single infections. In: 31rst ECCMID Vienna, Austria, 2021."},{"key":"bibr13-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jia2.25407"},{"key":"bibr14-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2009.040634"},{"key":"bibr15-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2007.029058"},{"key":"bibr16-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mimet.2011.12.017"},{"key":"bibr17-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jix172"},{"key":"bibr18-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrmicro2713"},{"key":"bibr19-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2019.00001","volume":"10","author":"Lovett A","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front Immunol"},{"key":"bibr20-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/652400"},{"key":"bibr21-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0000000000001219"},{"key":"bibr22-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268818002704"},{"key":"bibr23-09564624211048678","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0037778"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624211048678","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09564624211048678","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624211048678","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:42:27Z","timestamp":1777675347000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09564624211048678"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09564624211048678"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09564624211048678","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,11,2]]}}}