{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T20:49:23Z","timestamp":1791838163018,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]],"date-time":"2021-12-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1638316800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011072","name":"Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30 AI50410"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30 AI50410"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011072","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STIs) have disproportionately affected communities of men who have sex with men (MSM). We describe HIV and STI prevalence and testing patterns among urban Vietnamese MSM.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We conducted a cross-sectional community-based study of MSM in Hanoi, Vietnam in 2016. Participants self-reported experiences of social stigma in healthcare settings and previous HIV and STI testing. STI testing included HIV, herpes simplex virus-2 (HSV-2), syphilis, gonorrhea, and chlamydia.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>205 MSM participated in the study. STI prevalence was HIV (10%), HSV-2 (4%), syphilis (13%), gonorrhea (34%), and chlamydia (19%). More than half (55%) of participants tested positive for at least one STI. Most participants had been previously tested for HIV or another STI (72%), with 24% previously receiving a positive result. Perceived and enacted social stigma in healthcare contexts was negatively associated with previous HIV or STI testing (adjusted prevalence odds ratio (aPOR): 0.22; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.10\u20130.48).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Discussion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High prevalence of STIs was observed among Vietnamese MSM, and perceived and enacted stigma was related to HIV and STI testing. Our findings reaffirm the importance of regular STI screening among this population as well as additional outreach to promote safe HIV and STI healthcare engagement.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624211060185","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,2]],"date-time":"2021-12-02T00:57:52Z","timestamp":1638406672000},"page":"193-201","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["HIV and STI prevalence and testing history among men who have sex with men in Hanoi, Vietnam"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"33","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7648-0651","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jane S","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Global Health and Infectious Diseases, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5558-526X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara N","family":"Levintow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ha V","family":"Tran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Teerada","family":"Sripaipan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Minh X","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Health Behavior, University of North Carolina at Chapel 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Minh","family":"Giang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Research and Training on HIV\/AIDS, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624211060185","volume-title":"WHO guidelines for the treatment of Neisseria gonorrhoeae","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624211060185","volume-title":"WHO guidelines for the treatment of Treponema pallidum (syphilis)","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2016"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624211060185","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/s1473-3099(13)70692-3"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624211060185","first-page":"104","volume":"12","author":"Cohen MS","year":"2004","journal-title":"Top HIV Med"},{"key":"bibr5-09564624211060185","volume-title":"Prevention and treatment of HIV and other sexually transmitted infections among men who have sex 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