{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,19]],"date-time":"2026-06-19T21:58:15Z","timestamp":1781906295672,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679875200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000272","name":"National Institute for Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["The VITA trial was funded by the National Institut"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["The VITA trial was funded by the National Institut"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000272","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common condition, yet accurate diagnosis remains a challenge. We explored symptom and microscopy-based diagnosis of BV and assessed the influence of these diagnostic approaches on treatment response.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>BV diagnosis based on patient-reported symptoms, and vaginal swab gram stain microscopy at local laboratories and a central laboratory were compared for women recruited into the VITA trial in England. Multivariable analysis was used to assess the association between the method of diagnosis and symptom resolution 2\u00a0weeks after metronidazole treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>517 women presenting with vaginal discharge (470\/517 [91%]) and\/or malodour (440\/517 [85%]) were included. The accuracy of patients\u2019 vaginal symptoms compared to local laboratory microscopy for BV diagnosis were \u2014discharge, sensitivity 90% and specificity 5%; malodour, sensitivity 84% and specificity 12%, and compared to a central laboratory diagnosis were \u2014discharge, sensitivity 91% and specificity 8%; malodour, sensitivity 88% and specificity 18%. 143\/204 (70%) participants reported symptom resolution after treatment and this was associated with a positive baseline local laboratory diagnosis (adjusted relative risk\u2014aRR 1.64 [1.02 to 2.64]), but not with a positive central laboratory diagnosis (aRR 1.14 [0.95 to 1.37]). Symptom resolution occurred in 75% (83\/111) of women who were symptom positive\/central laboratory BV positive compared to 65% (58\/89) who were symptom positive\/microscopy negative.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Symptoms correlated poorly with microscopy-based BV diagnosis but two-thirds of women with a symptom positive\/microscopy negative diagnosis experienced symptom resolution following metronidazole treatment. Further studies are needed to determine the optimal investigation and treatment for microscopy-negative women with typical BV symptoms.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624231158056","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]],"date-time":"2023-03-27T05:27:08Z","timestamp":1679894828000},"page":"608-616","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["The association between symptom or microscopy based diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and response to treatment in women with recurrent BV"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"34","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2097-8949","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Oluseyi","family":"Ayinde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health and HIV Medicine Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan DC","family":"Ross","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sexual Health and HIV Medicine Department, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18370\/2309-4117.2019.48.34-41"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/462427"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624231158056","unstructured":"UK national guideline for the management of bacterial vaginosis 2012."},{"key":"bibr4-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0412.2002.811103.x"},{"key":"bibr5-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/jiab103"},{"key":"bibr6-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0074378"},{"key":"bibr7-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0002-9343(83)91112-9"},{"key":"bibr8-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4172\/Clinical-Investigation.1000116"},{"key":"bibr9-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0463.2002.1101107.x"},{"key":"bibr10-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/095646203321043183"},{"key":"bibr11-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4103\/ijstd.IJSTD_98_16"},{"key":"bibr12-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.3.1304-1308.2005"},{"key":"bibr13-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.5.1925-1928.2003"},{"key":"bibr14-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.00342-18"},{"key":"bibr15-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0246953"},{"key":"bibr16-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3310\/ZZKH4176"},{"key":"bibr17-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.78.6.413"},{"key":"bibr18-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwh090"},{"key":"bibr19-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/503780"},{"key":"bibr20-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0141905"},{"key":"bibr21-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181ca3cac"},{"key":"bibr22-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"key":"bibr23-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/LGT.0b013e3181f68901"},{"key":"bibr24-09564624231158056","first-page":"88","volume":"131","author":"Mohanty S","year":"2010","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"bibr25-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.006106"},{"key":"bibr26-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2013\/365194"},{"key":"bibr27-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10096-020-04049-6"},{"key":"bibr28-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijgo.13792"},{"key":"bibr29-09564624231158056","volume":"49","author":"Lokken EM","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sex Transm Dis"},{"key":"bibr30-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1258\/0956462971918850"},{"key":"bibr31-09564624231158056","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12864-018-5284-7"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; 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