{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:45:18Z","timestamp":1777927518952,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":18,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]],"date-time":"2023-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702425600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a common infection, affecting the majority of the population by age of 50. Recurrent symptomatic outbreaks, experienced by a minority, have significant psychological and psychosexual effects. The varicella zoster virus (VZV), resembling HSV, shows potential for a functional cure via vaccination. This study seeks to investigate if there is an association between low VZV antibody levels and recurrent HSV outbreaks.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 110 patients with symptomatic and asymptomatic HSV were recruited during their sexual health screen. Serum samples were collected between Aug 2019 - July 2022; breaks in the study occurred due to COVID. The primary outcome measure was the serological status of HSV and VZV IgG titre level.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The average age was 37.3\u00a0years (range 21\u201365\u00a0years). For people with asymptomatic genital HSV2 the average VZV IgG titre was 2373.9\u00a0IU\/mL ( n = 17); and 1219.0\u00a0IU\/mL for the symptomatic group ( n = 67); p \u2264 0.00001), with similar results for HSV1.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There is a strong association between average higher varicella-zoster virus (VZV) IgG level and being an asymptomatic carrier of herpes simplex sirus (HSV)1&amp;2. A feasibility study to assess the use of the VZV vaccine as a treatment of HSV is planned.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624231221172","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,14]],"date-time":"2023-12-14T00:48:46Z","timestamp":1702514926000},"page":"314-318","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Is the level of varicella-zoster virus IgG associated with symptomatic status of genital herpes simplex virus infection? A case-control study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3249-0203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bret S.","family":"Palmer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"GUM and HIV Medicine, The Florey Sexual Health and Contraceptive Services, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK"},{"name":"Sexual Health and HIV Medicine, Riverside Clinic, Royal United Hospital, Bath, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"GUM and HIV Medicine, The Florey Sexual Health and Contraceptive Services, Royal Berkshire Hospital, Reading, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Winchester","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology, Frimley Park Hospital, Frimley, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mark","family":"Atkins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virology, Micropathology Ltd, University of Warwick Science Park, Coventry, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Barton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chelsea and Westminster Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Kelleher","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Disease, Imperial College London, London, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sti.2003.005850"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2471\/BLT.19.237149"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545313.037"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2011.420"},{"key":"bibr5-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.17138"},{"key":"bibr6-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2022.20356"},{"key":"bibr7-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40588-016-0044-4"},{"key":"bibr8-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890090105"},{"key":"bibr9-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511545313.006"},{"key":"bibr10-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890280108"},{"key":"bibr11-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/20402066231152971"},{"key":"bibr12-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2017-053106"},{"key":"bibr13-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/sextrans-2022-055420"},{"key":"bibr14-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2147\/OAJCT.S33292"},{"key":"bibr15-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2022.927734"},{"key":"bibr16-09564624231221172","unstructured":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases. https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/vaccines\/vpd\/varicella\/public\/index.html#:\u223c:text=CDC_recommends_two_doses_of,through_6_years_of_age, Last accessed 27th Nov 2022."},{"key":"bibr17-09564624231221172","volume-title":"Duration of protection","author":"National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases"},{"key":"bibr18-09564624231221172","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/OLQ.0b013e3181d9042e"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624231221172","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09564624231221172","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624231221172","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:45:17Z","timestamp":1777675517000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09564624231221172"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]},"references-count":18,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,3]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09564624231221172"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09564624231221172","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,13]]}}}