{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,15]],"date-time":"2026-06-15T15:20:32Z","timestamp":1781536832640,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1705622400000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"President\u2019s Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief\/US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention","award":["GH001995"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GH001995"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) cause adverse health outcomes, including increasing HIV acquisition\/transmission risk. We analyzed data from an HIV biomarker and behavioral survey to estimate STI prevalence, and explore associated factors in the setting of a generalized HIV epidemic in Siaya County, western Kenya.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Data were collected in March\u2013September 2022 through face-to-face interviews using structured questionnaires; records from 9643 sexually active participants aged 13+ years were included in the analysis. We calculated weighted self-reported STI prevalence, by sex, age, and HIV status and explored associated factors using multivariable logistic regression.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Median age was 37 years and 59.9% were female; HIV prevalence was 18.0%. Overall STI prevalence was 1.8%; 1.5-fold higher among males vs. females, and 2.6-fold higher among participants living with HIV vs. those without. HIV status and multiple sexual partners were independently associated with STI in both sexes. Mind-altering substance use and being circumcised were associated with STI among males.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study estimates STI prevalence in the setting of high HIV prevalence. Findings underscore the importance of: effective STI screening in HIV clinics and HIV testing and counseling in STI clinics; screening and counseling on substance use, and HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis; and intensive sexual health counseling in male circumcision programmes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624241226487","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]],"date-time":"2024-01-19T09:13:06Z","timestamp":1705655586000},"page":"418-429","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors of sexually transmitted infections in the setting of a generalized HIV epidemic\u2014a population-based study, western Kenya"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4840-7435","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hellen Carolyne","family":"Awuoche","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachael H","family":"Joseph","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faith","family":"Magut","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammy","family":"Khagayi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fredrick S","family":"Odongo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Moses","family":"Otieno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aoko","family":"Appolonia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elijah","family":"Odoyo-June","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), Nairobi, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel O","family":"Kwaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kenya Medical Research Institute-Centre for Global Health Research (KEMRI-CGHR), Kisumu, Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624241226487","volume-title":"World health organization fact sheet on sexually transmitted infections [Internet]","author":"WHO"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624241226487","volume-title":"Global incidence and prevalence of selected curable sexually transmitted infections, 2008 [Internet]","author":"Rowley J","year":"2012"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624241226487","volume-title":"Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) fact sheet [Internet]","author":"WHO","year":"2019"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624241226487","volume-title":"Global health sector strategy on sexually transmitted infections 2016 - 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