{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T21:06:41Z","timestamp":1778706401724,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1724803200000},"content-version":"unspecified","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"U.S. National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["P30MH043520"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30MH043520"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000025","name":"U.S. National Institute of Mental Health","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32MH019139"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32MH019139"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000025","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100018482","name":"Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGill University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100018482","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006474","name":"Columbia University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006474","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["K01DA044853"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["K01DA044853"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000026","name":"U.S. National Institute on Drug Abuse","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["T32DA037801"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32DA037801"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000026","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Injection of opioids has contributed to growing HIV epidemics in Tajikistan and Afghanistan. This qualitative study explored determinants of access to primary prevention and screening for HIV among people who inject drugs (PWID) residing in border communities of Gorno-Badakhshan, Tajikistan and Badakhshan, Afghanistan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with PWID, community leaders, and healthcare workers. The social-ecological model was used to inform a thematic analysis of determinants of access.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>There were no preventive or screening services for HIV in the border districts of Afghanistan. Barriers to accessing HIV-related services in Tajikistan, and to accessing general health services in Afghanistan, included: lack of knowledge about HIV, inaccessible communities with poor infrastructure, discrimination and violence against women, and stigmatization of PWID and people living with HIV. Access to HIV-related and other health services by PWID was facilitated by community leader support, family support, outreach services, and linkage of harm reduction services with HIV testing and care.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Urgent interventions are needed to stem the escalating HIV epidemic in Afghanistan and enhance existing services in Tajik border communities. This qualitative study offers insights into barriers and facilitators for accessing HIV prevention and screening services among PWID, suggesting potential interventions.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624241276904","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]],"date-time":"2024-08-28T06:06:16Z","timestamp":1724825176000},"page":"1025-1031","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The tale of two Badakhshans: Determinants of access and utilization of HIV preventive services along the Afghan-Tajik border"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"35","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-8413-9123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Harsimren","family":"Sidhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"McGill International TB Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Frezghi","family":"Gebreweldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public and Rural Health Division, Alberta Health, Government of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alissa","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonbek","family":"Jonbekov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRISMA Research Center, Dushanbe, Tajikistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahbat","family":"Bahramov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"PRISMA Research Center, Dushanbe, Tajikistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3616-8860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anindita","family":"Dasgupta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Social Work, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tara","family":"McCrimmon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Marotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Brown School, Washington University, St. Louis, MO, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kianoush","family":"Dehghani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Population and Global Health, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"},{"name":"Public Health Department, Cree Board of Health and Social Services of James Bay (CBHSSJB), Montreal, QC, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-09564624241276904","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18356\/9789210028370"},{"key":"bibr2-09564624241276904","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2020.12.068"},{"key":"bibr3-09564624241276904","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugpo.2014.09.011"},{"key":"bibr4-09564624241276904","unstructured":"UNAIDS. 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