{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T03:17:38Z","timestamp":1790738258423,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":45,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,1]],"date-time":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740787200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"Comer Children\u2019s Hospital through the University of Chicago"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Given the most recent report of the nationwide rise of congenital syphilis (CS), with over a 773% increase from 2012 to 2021 per the Center for Disease Control and Prevention, we sought to utilize penicillin administration and ICD-10 billing data as proxies to assess the accuracy of diagnosis of congenital syphilis among major tertiary care pediatric hospitals.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This retrospective cohort study drawing data from 49 major tertiary children\u2019s hospitals in the United States sought to determine whether administration of penicillin in infants 30\u00a0days or younger, excluding other common infectious diseases treated with the medication, correlated with recently reported congenital syphilis epidemiologic data.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>2290 infants met inclusion criteria and received penicillin therapy, excluding infants with the most common secondary infections treated with penicillin, with 1123 (49.3%) of those included not having a syphilis diagnosis made. Of the neonates with a coded diagnosis of CS, (1107\/1162) 95.3% received more than 1\u00a0day of penicillin therapy, and those not coded for CS that received more than 1\u00a0day of penicillin therapy was 37.9% (428\/1128).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our findings found a significant number of infants who had penicillin administration and laboratory and procedural workup performed suggestive of congenital syphilis consideration, without a congenital syphilis diagnosis billed. This may reflect an underestimation of what is notably a growing nationwide pandemic. By addressing the screening and treatment needs of patients with CS, we can help to address some of the socioeconomic inequities in pediatric and maternal healthcare, and further accurately characterize the extent of this increasingly prevalent disease process.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251324981","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,3,4]],"date-time":"2025-03-04T13:26:33Z","timestamp":1741094793000},"page":"475-486","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Assessing diagnostic accuracy of congenital syphilis using penicillin administration data through the Pediatric Health Information System (PHIS) database"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2323-1453","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"John M.","family":"Flores","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Comer Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie","family":"Grills","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital Association, Lenexa, KS, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason M.","family":"Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Comer Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilly","family":"Cheng Immergluck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Comer Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikki","family":"Kasal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pritzker School of Medicine of University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madan","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Comer Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4275-5642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Allison","family":"Bartlett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Comer Children\u2019s Hospital, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0249419"},{"issue":"14","key":"e_1_3_5_3_2","first-page":"413","article-title":"Congenital syphilis - United States, 2003-2008","volume":"59","author":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC","year":"2010","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CDC. 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