{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T07:53:56Z","timestamp":1789026836159,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1749600000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institute of Health","award":["R01AI149339"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AI149339"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Curable sexually transmitted infections (STIs) contribute to adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Syndromic management is standard care in South Africa. We evaluated prevalence, symptomology, and correlates of curable STIs, among pregnant women in Eastern Cape, South Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      We conducted a cross-sectional analysis using baseline data from a randomized controlled trial of pregnant women attending their first antenatal care visit at public clinics in Buffalo City Municipality (2021\u20132024). Participants were tested for\n                      <jats:italic>Chlamydia (C.) trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Neisseria (N.) gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>Trichomonas (T.) vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      using GeneXpert point-of-care tests and for syphilis using Alere Determine TP rapid test. Symptoms were self-reported and clinically-observed. Adjusted prevalence ratios were estimated using Poisson regression models with robust standard errors.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1491 participants (median age: 28 years (IQR: 24\u201333); gestational age: 13 weeks (IQR: 8\u201318); HIV prevalence: 30%), STI prevalence was 27.6% (95% CI: 25.3\u201329.9):\n                      <jats:italic>C. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      14.7%,\n                      <jats:italic>N. gonorrhea<\/jats:italic>\n                      5%,\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      10.2%, syphilis 3.4%. Women with HIV had higher STI prevalence (32.8% vs 25.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = .003), particularly for\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (17% vs 7.3%,\n                      <jats:italic>p<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt; .001); 20.1% of women with C\n                      <jats:italic>. trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      ,\n                      <jats:italic>N. gonorrhea<\/jats:italic>\n                      , and\/or\n                      <jats:italic>T. vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      were symptomatic, and 63% of symptomatic women tested STI-negative. Younger age, lower education, multiple sex partners and unknown HIV-serostatus of partners were associated with increased STI prevalence.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>We observed a high prevalence of STIs, particularly among women with HIV, with many asymptomatic cases; emphasizing the need for integrated point-of-care testing to ensure timely treatment, reduce antibiotic overuse, and improve maternal and neonatal outcomes.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251347484","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]],"date-time":"2025-06-11T05:28:06Z","timestamp":1749619686000},"page":"786-799","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Prevalence, symptomology, and correlates of curable sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women in Eastern Cape, South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3206-364X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalie G.","family":"Shaetonhodi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"de Voux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chibuzor M.","family":"Babalola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dvora","family":"Joseph Davey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa"},{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mandisa M.","family":"Mdingi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, East London, South Africa"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ranjana M.S.","family":"Gigi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, East London, South Africa"},{"name":"Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Remco P.H.","family":"Peters","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, East London, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Freedom","family":"Mukomana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit, Foundation for Professional Development, East London, South Africa"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6922-7364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jeffrey D.","family":"Klausner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Medina-Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. 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