{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T07:05:17Z","timestamp":1782457517985,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":44,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"11-12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1750636800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2025,10]]},"abstract":"\n Objective<\/jats:title>\n \n Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n is an enteric parasite which can cause gastrointestinal symptoms and may be sexually transmissible in men who have sex with men (MSM). This review aimed to explore the characteristics of MSM with\n Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n .\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Method<\/jats:title>\n \n Five bibliographical databases (CINAHL, EMBASE, MEDLINE, EMCARE, Cochrane-central) were searched for manuscripts which explored the characteristics of MSM with\n Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n written in English, French or Spanish in October 2024. Following the initial search, duplicates were removed, and two authors independently conducted a full text review and risk of bias assessment using the Joanna Briggs Institute toolkits. Narrative data were synthesised to generate themes. The protocol was registered on PROSPERO(ID:CRD42024582946).\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n Fourteen manuscripts were included in this review; from Australia (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 2), Spain (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 2), Denmark (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 2), USA (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 2), UK(\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1), Italy (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1), France (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1), Germany (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1), Canada (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1) & China (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1) published between 1988 and 2022. The manuscripts were case-reports (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 2), case-series (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 1) and cross-sectional studies (\n n<\/jats:italic>\n = 11) and included 693 MSM who tested positive for\n Blastocystis.<\/jats:italic>\n The majority of MSM in this review were living with HIV which either represents a biological, a behavioural (surrogate) characteristic or a confounding association. This review also highlighted demographic (being asymptomatic), behavioural (multiple sexual partners, recent (tropical) travel, oral-anal sex) and infection (co-infection with STI [\n N<\/jats:italic>\n .\n gonorrhoeae, C<\/jats:italic>\n .\n trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n ], co-infection with other sexually transmissible enteric pathogens [\n Salmonella spp., Campylobacter<\/jats:italic>\n spp.\n , E.coli, E<\/jats:italic>\n .\n histolytica, G<\/jats:italic>\n .\n duodenalis, Cryptosporidium<\/jats:italic>\n spp.], co-infection with intestinal spirochaetosis\n ,<\/jats:italic>\n co-infection with a non-pathogenic enteric parasite) characteristics of MSM who tested positive for\n Blastocystis.<\/jats:italic>\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n \n This review serves as a resource for future public health control strategies, clinical guidelines and research to understand the sexual transmissibility of\n Blastocystis<\/jats:italic>\n in MSM.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251349910","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]],"date-time":"2025-06-23T15:19:39Z","timestamp":1750691979000},"page":"841-848","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The characteristics of men who have sex with men with\n Blastocystis<\/i>\n : A systematic review"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"36","author":[{"given":"Sophie","family":"Ettinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John C","family":"Castle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julian","family":"Robinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicolas","family":"Pinto-Sander","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0955-6307","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Richardson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Hospitals Sussex NHS Foundation Trust, Brighton, UK"},{"name":"Brighton & Sussex Medical School, Brighton UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/380398a0"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_7_3_2","first-page":"190","article-title":"Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among communities living in different habitats and its comparison with one hundred and one studies conducted over the past 42 years (1970 to 2013) in Malaysia","volume":"31","author":"Sinniah B","year":"2014","unstructured":"Sinniah B, Hassan A KR, Sabaridah I, et al. 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