{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T02:09:10Z","timestamp":1787018950771,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1757030400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001321","name":"National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Thuthuka"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Thuthuka"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001321","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100023732","name":"Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RDG"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RDG"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100023732","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100022083","name":"Vliruos","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["Project 8-Infectious Diseases"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Project 8-Infectious Diseases"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100022083","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Female sex workers (FSWs) are at high risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). This study estimated the prevalence of STIs caused by\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Neisseria gonorrhoeae<\/jats:italic>\n                      (NG),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Chlamydia<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">trachomatis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (CT),\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Mycoplasma<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">genitalium<\/jats:italic>\n                      (MG), and\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">Trichomonas<\/jats:italic>\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">vaginalis<\/jats:italic>\n                      (TV) and identified factors related to oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse among FSWs in informal settings in Tshwane, South Africa.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Samples were collected from 200 FSWs aged 18 and older in Pretoria who engaged in transactional sex. Participants completed a questionnaire on demographics, sexual history, and HIV testing. Three swabs (rectal, oral, and endocervical) from each participant were tested for NG, CT, MG, and TV.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of the 200 participants, 53 (26.5%) had at least one infection. Of these infections, the most common site of infection was genital (100 %), followed by the rectum (45.3 %), and pharynx (20.8 %). CT and TV were detected in 24 (12.0%) participants, while NG and MG were found in 20 (10.0%) participants. Most of the infected FSWs (32\/53) had one sexually transmitted pathogen, while 21 (40%) had multiple STIs. Substance use was significantly associated with the presence of an STI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study reveals a high burden of STIs among FSWs, highlighting pathogen prevalence at genital and extragenital sites. These findings underscore the need for targeted STI control interventions for high-risk groups like FSWs in South Africa.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251363651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]],"date-time":"2025-09-05T11:53:55Z","timestamp":1757073235000},"page":"104-111","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Prevalence of four sexually transmitted pathogens and risk factors related to oral, vaginal, or anal intercourse among informal female sex workers from Tshwane, South Africa, 2022"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1598-7579","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Avhammbudzi Leah","family":"Nemarude","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maphoshane","family":"Nchabeleng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University"},{"name":"National Health Laboratory Service"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara Elizabeth","family":"de Villiers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3947-9023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcelle","family":"Le Roux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sefako Makgatho Health Sciences University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","first-page":"1","volume-title":"Global health sector strategies on, respectively, HIV, viral hepatitis and sexually transmitted infections for the period 2022-2030","author":"WHO","year":"2022","unstructured":"WHO. 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