{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T07:18:34Z","timestamp":1780730314908,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1756771200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"funder":[{"name":"M\u00e9decins Sans Fronti\u00e8res"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Acute HIV infection (AHI) diagnosis is challenging due to complex diagnostics and low prevalence. We tested different targeting approaches for AHI testing using data from a cross-sectional study of STI burden in Eswatini.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>From June 2022 to April 2023, adults underwent routine HIV and viral load (VL) testing (Xpert) and completed a questionnaire on socio-demographics, behavioral characteristics and current symptoms. AHI was defined as negative\/discordant serial HIV rapid diagnostic test and VL \u226510,000 copies\/mL. We used lasso regression to determine risk factors for AHI and build study-specific predictor risk score (PRS). We evaluated the ability of the PRS and other targeting approaches to predict AHI.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Of 1064 participants, ten (0.9%) had AHI. The 10-parameter PRS at cut-off \u226510.8 had the area under the curve (AUC) 0.87 (0.86\u20130.89), sensitivity 100% (69.2\u2013100), and proportion needed to test (PNT) 26.1%. At the cut-off \u226514.1 the AUC was 0.85 (0.71\u20130.98), sensitivity 80% (44.4\u201397.5) and PNT 11.5%. A previously developed PRS and targeting young women reporting AHI symptoms also performed well, but not the WHO-recommended clinical screening criteria for AHI (sensitivity 40%).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Targeted approaches that combine AHI symptoms and locally relevant characteristics may be an efficient way to support the scale-up of AHI testing.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251371832","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,2]],"date-time":"2025-09-02T15:09:09Z","timestamp":1756825749000},"page":"148-157","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Targeted approaches for acute HIV infection diagnosis in rural 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