{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:46:37Z","timestamp":1777927597126,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766448000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The Community Liver Health Checks Programme offers population-level screening to identify those with fibrosis or cirrhosis. In this study, we describe the population characteristics and results for our cohort to ascertain the clinical utility of routine FibroScan.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Prospective observational study of PLWH who had a FibroScan as part of the programme. All participants had risk factor(s) for liver fibrosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A total of 382 people were included in the study. There were 291 males, with a median age of 48\u00a0years (range 26\u201375). Half (n = 191) were white British, and 31.4 % (n = 120) were Black African. Sixty-two percent (n = 237) were men who have sex with men (MSM). Median time since HIV diagnosis was 16\u00a0years, with a median CD4 of 642. Ninety-five percent were undetectable. The most common indication for FibroScan referral was BMI &gt;30 in 47.4% (n = 181). Other common indications include NAFLD (31%, n = 118), Alcohol (27.1%, n = 103). 24.9% (n = 95) had more than two risk factors. Overall, 53.7% (n = 205) had evidence of steatosis (\u2265S1), 19.4% (n = 74) had evidence of fibrosis (\u2265F1), and 1% (n = 4) had evidence of cirrhosis. In bivariate analysis, BMI &gt;30 and a known diagnosis of NAFLD were associated with steatosis (\u2265S1) (OR 3.1 and 1.8 respectively). Of those with multiple risk factors (\u22652), 74.7% (n = 71) had evidence of steatosis, 20% (n = 19) had evidence of fibrosis, 2.1% (n = 2) had evidence of cirrhosis. Bivariate analysis shows a significant correlation between the presence of multiple risk factors and \u2265F1 fibrosis (OR = 2.3) and \u2265S1 steatosis (OR = 3.2).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Our data shows a low prevalence of liver cirrhosis, increasing in the presence of multiple liver risk factors. We recommend FIB-4 score as an inexpensive primary screening tool for fibrosis\/cirrhosis, and Fibroscan for those with multiple risk factors or high FIB-4 score.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251407466","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]],"date-time":"2025-12-23T10:43:13Z","timestamp":1766486593000},"page":"558-562","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Clinical utility of targeted transient elastography (Fibroscan) screening for liver fibrosis\/cirrhosis among people living with HIV (PLWH)"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-0076-096X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Izuchukwu","family":"Ezeh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Hardy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Prince","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester Royal Infirmary"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincent","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Manchester University NHS Foundation Trust"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"NHS England. NHS on-the-spot liver scans find one in 10 people have liver damage that could lead to deadly cancer. 11 March 2023. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/2023\/03\/nhs-on-the-spot-liver-scans-find-one-in-10-people-have-liver-damage-that-could-lead-to-deadly-cancer\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","unstructured":"North East London Cancer Alliance. Community liver health checks. https:\/\/www.nelcanceralliance.nhs.uk\/community-liver-health-checks (2025) Accessed 26th November 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","unstructured":"NHS England. Community liver health checks. https:\/\/www.england.nhs.uk\/2025\/08\/nhs-scanning-trucks-help-thousands-get-potentially-life-saving-liver-cancer-checks\/community-liver-health-checks (2025) Accessed: 27 November 2025."},{"key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","unstructured":"National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE). FibroScan for assessing liver fibrosis and cirrhosis outside secondary and specialist care diagnostics guidance DG48. 2023. https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/dg48\/resources\/fibroscan-for-assessing-liver-fibrosis-and-cirrhosis-outside-secondary-and-specialist-care-pdf-1053817906885"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/hiv.12241"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciaa382"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.05.025"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","first-page":"S0168","article-title":"Electronic address: easloffice@easloffice.eu, European Association for the Study Of Diabetes (EASD), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL-EASD-EASO clinical practice guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD)","volume":"81","author":"European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL)","year":"2024","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). Electronic address: easloffice@easloffice.eu, European Association for the Study Of Diabetes (EASD), European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), European Association for the Study of the Liver (EASL). EASL-EASD-EASO clinical practice guidelines on the management of metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD). J Hepatol. 2024; 81(Suppl 1): S0168-S8278.","journal-title":"J Hepatol"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3399\/BJGPO.2024.0142"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","unstructured":"Health Innovation Manchester (HInM). Understanding obesity care pathways in greater Manchester integrated care system. 2024. https:\/\/healthinnovationmanchester.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/05\/UK_Obesity_ManchesterUnderstandingLandscapeFinalReport_Jan24_PP-MG-GB-0466.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclinm.2021.101116"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","unstructured":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Stavudine. In: LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. 2012. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK548694\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","unstructured":"National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases. Didanosine. In: LiverTox: Clinical and Research Information on Drug-Induced Liver Injury [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases; 2012. https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK548326\/"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624251407466","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09564624251407466","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624251407466","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:47:25Z","timestamp":1777675645000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09564624251407466"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09564624251407466"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09564624251407466","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,23]]}}}