{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:46:18Z","timestamp":1777927578372,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1766361600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This study aimed to identify people living with HIV (PLWH) with tuberculosis (TB) co-infection, explore their demographic and clinical characteristics, and determine predictors of early mortality within 6\u00a0months of TB diagnosis.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>A cross-sectional study was conducted in a tertiary referral center in T\u00fcrkiye of PLWH diagnosed with TB between 2004 and 2023. Demographic, clinical, and laboratory data were reviewed, and statistical analyses were performed to identify early mortality predictors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Among 1541 PLWH, 62 (4%) had TB, and 23 (37%) died within 6\u00a0months. TB presentations were pulmonary (44%), extrapulmonary (27%), and both (29%). Predictors significantly associated with early mortality included lymphopenia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009), a CD4 + T lymphocyte count \u226450 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.015), anemia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.009), and thrombocytopenia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.034), particularly platelet counts below 150,000\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.001). Clinical predictors also included symptoms such as fever (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.017), anorexia (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.012), weight loss (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.012), and altered mental status (\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.043). Additionally, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis demonstrated that CD4 + T lymphocyte count \u226450 cells\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (AUC = 0.76,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.039) and platelet count &lt;150,000\/mm\n                      <jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>\n                      (AUC = 0.71,\n                      <jats:italic toggle=\"yes\">p<\/jats:italic>\n                      = 0.034) were significant predictive cutoffs for early mortality. TB culture positivity was high (84%), while PCR positivity was low (15%). Opportunistic infections were seen in 11% of cases.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>High early mortality among people living with HIV\/TB co-infection is associated with advanced immunosuppression and hematological abnormalities. These results highlight the importance of early HIV detection and close clinical monitoring to reduce mortality.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624251410773","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]],"date-time":"2025-12-22T10:22:37Z","timestamp":1766398957000},"page":"460-466","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Predictors of early mortality in Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)-tuberculosis co-infection"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8590-230X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melike Nur","family":"Ozcelik","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Namik Kemal University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esra","family":"Zerdali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences Haseki Training & Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Inci Yilmaz","family":"Nakir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences Haseki Training & Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Filiz","family":"Pehlivanoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Health Sciences Haseki Training & Research Hospital"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_4_2_2","unstructured":"Word Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis. Module 4: treatment and care. [Internet]. 2025. [cited on 2025 Sep 10]. Available from: https:\/\/iris.who.int\/server\/api\/core\/bitstreams\/f663f086-5d97-4355-beea-0635d47f1227\/content"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cid\/ciw376"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_4_2","author":"Word Health Organization","year":"2023","unstructured":"Word Health Organization. Global tuberculosis report 2023, [Internet]. [cited 2025 jun 20]. Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/teams\/global-programme-on-tuberculosis-and-lung-health\/tb-reports\/global-tuberculosis-report-2023","journal-title":"Global tuberculosis report"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_4_5_2","first-page":"CD000171","article-title":"Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV infected persons","volume":"2010","author":"Akolo C","year":"2010","unstructured":"Akolo C, Adetifa I, Shepperd S, et al. Treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in HIV infected persons. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010; 2010(1): CD000171.","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_6_2","unstructured":"Republic of Turkey Ministry of Health. T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de verem sava\u015f\u0131 2021 raporu. [Internet]. [cited 2025 May 12]. Available from: https:\/\/hsgm.saglik.gov.tr\/depo\/birimler\/tuberkuloz-db\/Dokumanlar\/Raporlar\/Turkiyede_Verem_Savasi_2021_Raporu.pdf#page=3.73"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_7_2","volume-title":"HIV\/AIDS El Kitab\u0131","author":"Klimik HIV\/AIDS Study Group","year":"2024","unstructured":"Klimik HIV\/AIDS Study Group. HIV\/AIDS El Kitab\u0131. 3rd ed.: KL\u0130M\u0130K Association, 2024. [Internet]. [cited 2025 Nov 30] Available from: https:\/\/www.klimik.org.tr\/wpcontent\/uploads\/2024\/02\/HIVAIDS.El_.Kitabi_Surum.3.pdf","edition":"3"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_8_2","volume-title":"StatPearls [Internet]","author":"Jinna S","unstructured":"Jinna S, Khandhar PB. Thrombocytopenia. In: StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. 2025 Jan\u2013 [updated 2023 Jul 4; cited 2025 Dec 4]. Available from: https:\/\/www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/books\/NBK542208\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_9_2","unstructured":"World Health Organization. Consolidated guidelines on HIV prevention testing treatment service delivery and monitoring: recommendations for a public health approach. 2021. [Internet]. [cited on 2025 Sep 12] Available from: https:\/\/www.who.int\/publications\/i\/item\/9789240031593"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_10_2","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control P. Reported tuberculosis in the United States 2022. 2023. [Internet]. [cited on 2025 Sep 12]. Available from: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/tbsurveillancereport2023\/summary\/national.html#:\u223c:text=In_2023%2C_the_United_States to_the_COVID%2D19_pandemic"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1178636118813367"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S2055-6640(20)30032-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2017.120"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-016-0960-5"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2019.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra2308181"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14030296"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12913-017-2406-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2016.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12879-020-05706-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/1046220"},{"key":"e_1_3_4_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.36519\/idcm.2023.214"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624251410773","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/09564624251410773","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/09564624251410773","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:47:28Z","timestamp":1777675648000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/09564624251410773"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/09564624251410773"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/09564624251410773","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,22]]}}}