{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T17:14:10Z","timestamp":1790874850727,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1769817600000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["journals.sagepub.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS) is a common neurological disorder with a prevalence of 5-10% in Western countries. Emerging evidence suggests a higher prevalence among people living with HIV (PWHIV), though comprehensive studies are lacking. RLS may be exacerbated in PWHIV due to chronic neuro-inflammation and nutritional deficiencies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of RLS in a Greek PWHIV population and identify associated demographic, clinical and laboratory risk factors.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>This was a cross-sectional study of 194 PWHIV and 200 non-HIV controls. Data were collected via clinical interviews, validated questionnaires and medical records. We assessed RLS prevalence, clinical characteristics, sleep quality and psychological distress. Statistical analysis included Mann-Whitney U tests, Chi-square tests, and a stepwise logistic regression model to identify independent predictors of RLS.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RLS prevalence was significantly higher in the PWHIV group (31%; 95% CI: 25.3\u201338.3%) compared to controls (15%; 95% CI: 10.2\u201320.2%, p &lt; 0.001). In PWHIV, RLS was associated with shorter duration of HIV\/HAART, lower CD4 cell counts at diagnosis and currently, and detectable viral load. Detectable viral load was the strongest independent predictor of RLS (OR 15.49, p &lt; 0.001). RLS was also independently associated with poor sleep quality (OR 15.48), anxiety (OR 5.18), and depression (OR 9.22).<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>RLS is a prevalent comorbidity in Greek PWHIV, strongly associated with active viral replication and a state of advanced immunosuppression. The findings highlight the need for systematic RLS screening in this population to improve clinical outcomes and psychosocial well-being.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1177\/09564624261420689","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T15:42:02Z","timestamp":1769874122000},"page":"613-622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Restless leg syndrome in people living with HIV: Prevalence, clinical predictors and the impact on sleep quality and psychological distress"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"37","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9065-4811","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vasilis","family":"Petrakis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paschalis","family":"Steiropoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikoleta","family":"Babaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3695-0759","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andreas G.","family":"Tsantes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National and Kapodistrian University of Athens"},{"name":"\u201cSaint Savvas\u201d Oncology Hospital"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gregorios","family":"Trypsianis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petros","family":"Rafailidis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Panopoulou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dimitrios","family":"Papazoglou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of Thrace"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0643-1090","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Periklis","family":"Panagopoulos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Democritus University of 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