{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:47:42Z","timestamp":1777927662918,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1991,7,1]],"date-time":"1991-07-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":678326400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1991,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Perception of risk has been suggested as an important element of sexual behaviour change among people who engage in behaviours which place them at risk of HIV infection.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>A study of the relationship between perception of risk of HIV infection and risk-related sexual behaviours was conducted in a genitourinary medicine clinic. The sample comprised 767 patients attending over a 3-month period; data collection was by self-completed questionnaire. A total of 574 questionnaires were suitable for analysis, representing a response rate of 75%.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    The majority of people in the sample reported behaviours which increased their risk of HIV infection, but only 19% ( n = 112) of the sample perceived themselves to be personally \u2018at risk\u2019, despite adequate knowledge of HIV transmission and methods of risk reduction. Significant differences between social class groups were found for knowledge scores, with highest scores among professionals and lowest among unemployed subjects (Kruskal Wallis test \u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    =24.6, P \u2264 0.001). Increasing age was significantly associated with better knowledge; significantly more young people aged 16\u201320 years who did not perceive themselves \u2018at risk\u2019 (64%), had lower knowledge scores than older people who did not perceive themselves \u2018at risk\u2019 (41%).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Among heterosexuals who reported having sex with other people in addition to their regular partner, 79% did not perceive themselves as \u2018at risk\u2019 of HIV infection, and of these, 64% reported only infrequent condom use with casual sexual partners. Significantly more heterosexual men (67%) than women (44%) reported multiple sex partners.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    A high proportion of heterosexuals engaging in vaginal intercourse without a condom perceived the behaviour to be risky for HIV transmission, but of these, only 18% ( n = 72) perceived themselves to be personally \u2018at risk\u2019 of HIV infection. An increasing number of sexual partners was significantly associated with more frequent reporting of active oral sex without a condom (\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    trend=4.63, df=1, P \u2264 0.05) and vaginal intercourse without a condom (\u03c7\n                    <jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup>\n                    trend=6.61, df=1, P \u2264 0.05) among people perceiving these behaviours as risky for HIV transmission.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Changes in sexual behaviour such as using condoms more often, were reported significantly more frequently by people who perceived themselves \u2018at risk\u2019 of HIV infection (51%) than people who perceived themselves to be \u2018not at risk\u2019 (33%). Subjects who perceived themselves to be \u2018not at risk\u2019 were significantly more likely to report not having made any changes in their behaviour (19% compared with 7%).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249100200408","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]],"date-time":"2017-01-16T00:23:29Z","timestamp":1484526209000},"page":"264-271","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["AIDS-Related Risk Perception and Sexual Behaviour among Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic Attenders"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Nicola J","family":"James","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pamela A","family":"Gillies","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Medicine and Epidemiology, University of Nottingham Medical School, Nottingham NG7 2UH"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher J","family":"Bignell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genitourinary Medicine Clinic, City Hospital, Hucknall Road, Nottingham NG5 1PB, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1991,7,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-095646249100200408","first-page":"199","volume":"1","author":"Piot P","year":"1987","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"bibr2-095646249100200408","first-page":"16","volume-title":"AIDS and drug misuse","author":"Carballo M","year":"1990"},{"key":"bibr3-095646249100200408","volume-title":"Department of Health\/Welsh Office (Sir David Cox, Chairman); Report of a Working Group","author":"Cox D.","year":"1988"},{"key":"bibr4-095646249100200408","first-page":"201","volume":"2","author":"Ryder RW","year":"1990","journal-title":"AIDS"},{"key":"bibr5-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.3022379"},{"key":"bibr6-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90232-8"},{"key":"bibr7-095646249100200408","first-page":"302","volume":"66","author":"French P","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"bibr8-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-199010000-00001"},{"key":"bibr9-095646249100200408","first-page":"57","volume":"66","author":"Public Health Executive","year":"1990","journal-title":"Genitourin Med"},{"key":"bibr10-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00007435-198910000-00004"},{"key":"bibr11-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/00002030-198901000-00002"},{"key":"bibr12-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.298.6674.623"},{"key":"bibr13-095646249100200408","volume-title":"Belief, attitude, intention and behaviour: an introduction to theory and research","author":"Fishbein M","year":"1975"},{"key":"bibr14-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00844986"},{"key":"bibr15-095646249100200408","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/109019818401100101"},{"key":"bibr16-095646249100200408","unstructured":"Gillies PA, Carballo M, Tawil O. 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