{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,4]],"date-time":"2026-05-04T20:50:11Z","timestamp":1777927811909,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]],"date-time":"1995-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":788918400000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J STD AIDS"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Three nucleoside analogues, zidovudine (AZT), didanosine (ddI), and zalcitabine (ddC), are approved for use in the treatment of patients with HIV infection. This retrospective study compares the 3 drugs and examines the overall utility of antiretroviral therapy by way of comparisons to a no treatment (No Rx) group in patients with advanced HIV disease. Patients with advanced HIV disease were enrolled in didanosine (August 1989\u2013December 1990) or zalcitabine (October 1990\u2013February 1992) expanded access programmes; continued on zidovudine treatment despite fulfilling criteria for zidovudine failure or intolerance; or maintained on no antiretroviral treatment.<\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>Statistical analysis revealed that patients on nucleoside analogue therapy had fewer opportunistic infections ( P = 0.001) than those who received no antiretroviral treatment. The Kaplan-Meier 12-month estimate of survival was significantly longer among patients who switched from zidovudine to zalcitabine but not among patients who switched to didanosine, when compared to the other 2 groups ( P = 0.05).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/095646249500600105","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,1,16]],"date-time":"2017-01-16T03:05:02Z","timestamp":1484535902000},"page":"19-26","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Comparison of Zidovudine, Didanosine, Zalcitabine and No Antiretroviral Therapy in Patients with Advanced HIV Disease"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Ram\u00f3n A","family":"Torres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael R","family":"Barr","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kerry I","family":"McIntyre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John R","family":"Thornton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William M","family":"Shay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Richard D","family":"Feldman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noel J","family":"George","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Center, St Vincent's Hospital and Medical Center of New York"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Darren J","family":"Britton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"AIDS Institute, New York State Department of Health, New York, NY, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[1995,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-110-3-189"},{"key":"bibr2-095646249500600105","first-page":"76","author":"Yarchoan R","year":"1987","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr3-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2502840"},{"key":"bibr4-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199005103221902"},{"key":"bibr5-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"526","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92085-V","volume":"336","author":"Lambert JS","year":"1990","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"bibr6-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199208273270901"},{"key":"bibr7-095646249500600105","unstructured":"Dolin R, Amato M, Fischi M,  Efficacy of didanosine (ddI) versus zidovudine (ZDV) in patients with no or \u2264 16 weeks of prior ZDV therapy (abstract WS-B24\u20131).\n                      Ninth International Conference on AIDS\n                      , 1993, Berlin."},{"key":"bibr8-095646249500600105","unstructured":"Bristol Myers Squibb Co., 2400 W. Lloyd Expressway, R-22, Evansville, IN 47721\u20131001. VIDEX package insert."},{"key":"bibr9-095646249500600105","unstructured":"Follansbee S, Drew L, Pollard R,  The efficacy of zalcitabine (ddC, HIVID) versus zidovudine (ZDV) as monotherapy in ZDV na\u00efve patients with advanced HIV disease. A randomized double-blind comparative trial (ACTG 114: N3300) (abstract PO-B26\u20132113). Ninth\n                      International Conference on AIDS\n                      , 1993, Berlin."},{"key":"bibr10-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-118-10-199305150-00002"},{"key":"bibr11-095646249500600105","unstructured":"Roche Laboratories, 340 Kingsland Street, Nutley, New Jersey 07110\u20131199. HIVID package insert."},{"key":"bibr12-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)92496-G"},{"key":"bibr13-095646249500600105","first-page":"15","volume":"36","author":"Centers for Disease Control","year":"1987","journal-title":"MMWR"},{"key":"bibr14-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM198707233170401"},{"key":"bibr15-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2405","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1989.03430170067030","volume":"262","author":"Fischi MA","year":"1990","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"bibr16-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)92085-V"},{"key":"bibr17-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2479983"},{"key":"bibr18-095646249500600105","unstructured":"D'Aquila R, Johnson V, Kuritzkes D,  HIV-1 drug resistance and syncytium-inducing phenotype: Associations with disease progression among ACTG 116B\/117 subjects (abstract PO-B26\u20132046).\n                      Ninth International Conference on AIDS\n                      , 1993, Berlin."},{"key":"bibr19-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199403103301001"},{"key":"bibr20-095646249500600105","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)92524-J"}],"container-title":["International Journal of STD &amp; AIDS"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/095646249500600105","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/095646249500600105","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:51:55Z","timestamp":1777675915000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/095646249500600105"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]},"references-count":20,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/095646249500600105"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/095646249500600105","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-4624","1758-1052"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-4624","type":"print"},{"value":"1758-1052","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1995,1]]}}}