{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,21]],"date-time":"2026-05-21T05:02:41Z","timestamp":1779339761034,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]],"date-time":"2009-12-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1260403200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although language is an effective vehicle for communication, it is unclear how linguistic and communicative abilities relate to each other. Some researchers have argued that communicative message generation involves perspective taking ( mentalizing), and\u2014crucially\u2014that mentalizing depends on language. We employed a verbal communication paradigm to directly test whether the generation of a communicative action relies on mentalizing and whether the cerebral bases of communicative message generation are distinct from parts of cortex sensitive to linguistic variables. We found that dorsomedial prefrontal cortex, a brain area consistently associated with mentalizing, was sensitive to the communicative intent of utterances, irrespective of linguistic difficulty. In contrast, left inferior frontal cortex, an area known to be involved in language, was sensitive to the linguistic demands of utterances, but not to communicative intent. These findings show that communicative and linguistic abilities rely on cerebrally (and computationally) distinct mechanisms.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797609355563","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,1,14]],"date-time":"2010-01-14T12:33:35Z","timestamp":1263472415000},"page":"8-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":50,"title":["A Dissociation Between Linguistic and Communicative Abilities in the Human Brain"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Roel M.","family":"Willems","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen"},{"name":"Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"de Boer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan Peter","family":"de Ruiter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Psychology, Bielefeld University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matthijs L.","family":"Noordzij","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen"},{"name":"Department of Cognitive Psychology and Ergonomics, University of Twente"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter","family":"Hagoort","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen"},{"name":"Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Nijmegen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ivan","family":"Toni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Nijmegen"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956797609355563","unstructured":"Baayen R.H., Piepenbrock R., van Rijn H. (1993). The CELEX lexical database. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania, Linguistic Data Consortium."},{"key":"bibr2-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X02000122"},{"key":"bibr3-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/CBO9780511620539"},{"key":"bibr4-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn755"},{"key":"bibr5-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2004.12.034"},{"key":"bibr6-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hbm.20422"},{"key":"bibr7-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/nimg.1996.0074"},{"key":"bibr8-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.05.001"},{"key":"bibr9-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tics.2005.07.004"},{"key":"bibr10-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/123.12.2512"},{"key":"bibr11-0956797609355563","first-page":"39","volume-title":"Roots of human sociality","author":"Levinson S.C.","year":"2006"},{"key":"bibr12-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/B978-012369374-7\/50020-1"},{"key":"bibr13-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2006.03.040"},{"key":"bibr14-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-9280.2007.01942.x"},{"key":"bibr15-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Noordzij M.L., Newman-Norlund S., de Ruiter J.P., Hagoort P., Levinson S.C., Toni I. (2009). Brain mechanisms underlying human communication. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 3. Retrieved from http:\/\/frontiersin.org\/humanneuroscience\/paper\/10.3389\/neuro.09\/014.2009\/","DOI":"10.3389\/neuro.09.014.2009"},{"key":"bibr16-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.12.002"},{"key":"bibr17-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1100301"},{"key":"bibr18-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.neuro.27.070203.144230"},{"key":"bibr19-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2007.05.059"},{"key":"bibr20-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuropsychologia.2004.04.015"},{"key":"bibr21-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7551\/mitpress\/7551.001.0001"},{"key":"bibr22-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0140525X05000129"},{"key":"bibr23-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jphysparis.2008.03.005"},{"key":"bibr24-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/9.1.35"},{"key":"bibr25-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bandl.2008.07.002"},{"key":"bibr26-0956797609355563","unstructured":"Van der Plas L. (2008). Automatic lexico-semantic acquisition for question answering. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands."},{"key":"bibr27-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-9822(00)00538-8"},{"key":"bibr28-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S45","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2006.04.036","volume":"31","author":"Verhagen L.","year":"2006","journal-title":"NeuroImage"},{"key":"bibr29-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2005.11.002"},{"key":"bibr30-0956797609355563","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bhl141"}],"container-title":["Psychological Science"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956797609355563","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1177\/0956797609355563","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1177\/0956797609355563","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,1]],"date-time":"2026-05-01T22:53:12Z","timestamp":1777675992000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/doi\/10.1177\/0956797609355563"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1177\/0956797609355563"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/0956797609355563","relation":{},"ISSN":["0956-7976","1467-9280"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0956-7976","type":"print"},{"value":"1467-9280","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,12,10]]}}}