{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,4]],"date-time":"2026-10-04T20:16:16Z","timestamp":1791144976839,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":19,"publisher":"SAGE Publications","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,26]],"date-time":"2010-08-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1282780800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/journals.sagepub.com\/page\/policies\/text-and-data-mining-license"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Psychol Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Although previous research suggests that depressive ruminators tend to become stuck in a particular mind-set, this mental inflexibility may not always be disadvantageous; in some cases, it may facilitate active maintenance of a single task goal in the face of distraction. To evaluate this hypothesis, we tested 98 college students, who differed in ruminative tendencies and dysphoria levels, on two executive-control tasks. One task emphasized fast-paced shifting between goals (letter naming), and one emphasized active goal maintenance (modified Stroop). Higher ruminative tendencies predicted more errors on the goal-shifting task but fewer errors on the goal-maintenance task; these results demonstrated that ruminative tendencies have both detrimental and beneficial effects. Moreover, although ruminative tendencies and dysphoria levels were moderately correlated ( r = .42), higher dysphoria levels predicted more errors on the goal-maintenance task; this finding indicates that rumination and dysphoria can have opposing effects on executive control. Overall, these results suggest that depressive rumination reflects a trait associated with more stability (goal maintenance) than flexibility (goal shifting).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797610381505","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,10,18]],"date-time":"2010-10-18T01:11:20Z","timestamp":1287364280000},"page":"1377-1382","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":105,"title":["When Mental Inflexibility Facilitates Executive Control"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"21","author":[{"given":"Lee J.","family":"Altamirano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado at Boulder"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Miyake","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado at Boulder"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anson J.","family":"Whitmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado at Boulder"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956797610381505","unstructured":"Altamirano L.J., Friedman N.P., Miyake A. 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