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In the current study, we investigated whether the lateral prefrontal cortex (lPFC) causally regulates the influence of emotional information on subsequent judgments. We disrupted left lPFC function using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and recorded electroencephalography (EEG) before and after. Subjects evaluated the likeability of novel neutral faces after a brief exposure to a happy or fearful face. We found that lPFC inhibition biased evaluations of novel faces according to the previously processed emotional expression. Greater frontal EEG alpha power, reflecting increased inhibition by TMS, predicted increased behavioral bias. TMS-induced affective misattribution was long-lasting: Emotionally biased first impressions formed during lPFC inhibition were still detectable outside of the laboratory 3 days later. These findings indicate that lPFC serves an important emotion-regulation function by preventing incidental emotional encoding from automatically biasing subsequent appraisals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1177\/0956797617699837","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,14]],"date-time":"2017-06-14T12:02:04Z","timestamp":1497441724000},"page":"942-953","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/sage-journals-update-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Inhibition of Lateral Prefrontal Cortex Produces Emotionally Biased First Impressions: A Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Electroencephalography Study"],"prefix":"10.1177","volume":"28","author":[{"given":"Regina C.","family":"Lapate","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior and Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Samaha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bas","family":"Rokers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamdi","family":"Hamzah","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior and Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bradley R.","family":"Postle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard J.","family":"Davidson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Waisman Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior and Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison"},{"name":"Helen Wills Neuroscience Institute, University of California, Berkeley"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"179","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2017,6,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"bibr1-0956797617699837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13415-012-0133-7"},{"key":"bibr2-0956797617699837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2648"},{"key":"bibr3-0956797617699837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/mp.2014.46"},{"key":"bibr4-0956797617699837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nn1173"},{"key":"bibr5-0956797617699837","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/cercor\/bht154"},{"key":"bibr6-0956797617699837","unstructured":"Canty A., Ripley B. 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